Introduction:

Chyloperitoneum consists of the presence of a lymphatic fluid in the intra-abdominal cavity, a complication little described during pregnancy, and whose repercussions are not well established.

Case report:

A pregnant woman with a pregnancy of 36.5 weeks, without comorbidities, is hospitalized in the context of high blood pressure levels associated with symptoms of hypertensive encephalopathy and sustained fetal bradycardia, leading to an emergent cesarean section where incidental chorioperitoneum was evidenced. Posterior abdominal CT control showed no alterations.

Discussion:

The main associated etiologies (malignancy and trauma) were ruled out. It is considered a presentation of spontaneous chyloperitoneum that could be related to the pelvic congestion of pregnancy due to: vasodilatation secondary to hormonal influence, increased intra-abdominal pressure and contribution of ascites due to preeclampsia, generating traumatic rupture of lymphatic vessels.

Conclusion:

Chylous ascites is a rare entity that can be associated with pregnancy. It is essential that gynecologist and obstetrician correctly approach these patients to determine the etiology early.

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