Introduction.

The incidence of thyroid carcinoma has increased worldwide, probably related to the overdiagnosis of asymptomatic thyroid nodules. The high survival of differentiated thyroid carcinoma has allowed less radical surgical resection or even active surveillance for selected tumors. There are reports of clinicopathological features of thyroid carcinoma in our country that are different from those reported in the international literature.

Methods.

Retrospective observational study of a cohort of patients with thyroid carcinoma treated at a university hospital between 2015 and 2020.

Results.

634 patients were identified; 83.4% were female. Total thyroidectomy with central dissection was the most performed procedure (86.7%). Of the 613 differentiated thyroid carcinomas, 94.2% were papillary type, followed by Hürtle cell carcinoma with 1.6%; 26.2% presented aggressive histological subtypes and 28.4% had bilateral tumor involvement. Metastatic disease was found in 58.7% of the central dissections performed, which was 49% in patients with papillary microcarcinomas (19%). Of the 68 recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, 47% were due to oncological involvement.

Discussion.

In our series, the rate of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and its aggressive histological subtypes as well as bilateral tumor involvement is higher than that reported in the scientific literature.

Conclusion.

The biological behavior of thyroid carcinoma is variable and may have different characteristics between regions; the management in our country should consider our population's characteristics.

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