Abstract

MENESES VARAS, Belén; GONZALEZ MONFORT, Neus  and  SANTISTEBAN FERNANDEZ, Antoni. The «historical experience» of students and oral history in teaching. Hist.mem. [online]. 2020, n.20, pp.309-343.  Epub Dec 30, 2019. ISSN 2027-5137.  https://doi.org/10.19053/20275137.n20.2020.8258.

The article presents a bibliographical review in which the relationship between the teaching of oral history and the concept of historical experience is analysed. This paper attempts to understand how oral history, as an educational strategy, can become historical experience for the students. To this end, firstly, the concept of historical experience is approached from philosophical and historiographic contributions, being defined as a pre-structure of knowledge and a reality lived by the subject. Secondly, a transposition is made towards the didactics of the social sciences, in the form of a proposal, which includes three dimensions: experiential, cognitive and applied. It is considered that experience can be regarded as historical when the situations lived transcend the past and are used to build knowledge and make projections for the future. In teaching and learning processes, historical experience allows the student to validate the historical protagonism of any subject, to interpret and evaluate information, define historical meaning autonomously and propose changes for the future. Finally, a review of the existing debates about oral history and historical memory is conducted, synthetising the main contributions and limitations for learning and linking this with the development of the different dimensions of historical experience.

Keywords : oral history; historical experience; didactics of history; historical memory; interpretation of sources.

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