Resumo

ARAQUE SALAZAR, Sonia; ARIZA RIANO, Nelly Esperanza  e  VALDERRAMA SANABRIA, Mery Luz. EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY POR HOME CARE OF PREMATURE BABIES: MOTHERS USERS OF KANGAROO MOTHER PROGRAM FROM TUNJA, COLOMBIA. Rev Cuid [online]. 2013, vol.4, n.1, pp.467-474. ISSN 2216-0973.

Introduction: The Objective of this study was to make and to apply an educational strategy aimed at users of PMC mothers at the Hospital San Rafael in Tunja, about RN-care at home, according to the components: skin-to-skin, kangaroo position, exclusive breastfeeding, perfect temperature and perfect oxygenation. The mothers degree of compliance was taken into account, allowing to identify with a semi structured interview, the level of knowledge and skills that they had to care their preterm infants. Finally, we evaluated the level of knowledge and skills acquired by the mothers after receiving the training. Also we evidenced the need to empower mothers to care their children at home watching the Kangaroo Mother Program components through the Medium-Range Theory Kristen Swanson. Materials and Methods: We anticipated an experience that included the design and application of an evaluation form about knowledge of Kangaroo Mother Program components, PMC, to ten mothers, through semi structured interview; evaluation and observation in PMC techniques to determine the level of ability to children care at home. Educational intervention was performed in several stages: Training Group Activities about theoretical concepts, practical demonstrations in participatory workshops, semi-structured interviews, and conceptual gap detection was performed with accompaniment personalized interventions focused on motivation, reinforcement and retraining in the theoretical and practical PMC components. Results: The lack of structured knowledge on basic items child's position, skin to skin contact, food, oxygen management, evaluation of temperature and respiration, warning signs and benefits of PMC. All mothers met the PMC and its importance for child care but seven continued to feel fear to take the baby to home especially with oxygen. Cultural factors were detected and the health system was constituted obstacles for moms to make commitments for the care of babies. Discussion: The Kangaroo Mother Program in Hospital San Rafael in Tunja is considered viable because it is a strategy that meets the needs of population, and involves aspects of management commitment Breastfeeding Program, Programs Strategies to reduce infant mortality, and the accreditation of the Neonatology Service. Also reaffirms its viability to transcend in decreased readmissions, and long term, the decrease in neonatal mortality. The proper development of outpatient PMC should start based on the actual diagnosis related educational needs perinatal maternal care. The support of nurses to the mother in making decisions, it is essential for them to have security to develop the autonomy that can occur within the home. Conclusion: The design of the educational strategy for training purposes in PMC hospital should be flexible, allowing adjustments according to socioeconomic and cultural conditions, particularly levels of education, mother's age and parity; it was found that these factors influence the security, compliance and continuity of the PMC. The training group activities are effective mothers, but it is necessary to have resources dedicated to individualized training, to monitoring and evaluation visits in the family for feedback, as it helps develop family support, to dispel the doubts, fears, and in the correct application of the practical activities of the PMC.

Palavras-chave : Infant Very Low Birth Weight; Infant Premature; Child Care; Kangaroo- Mother Care Method.

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