Introduction:

Neonatal mortality represents more than 70% of mortality during the first year of life. This study sought to analyze neonatal mortality in Teresina-PI, from 2010 to 2015.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, with secondary data in which the population was comprised of data referring to neonatal mortality in the city of Teresina-PI, between 2010 and 2015.

Results:

A 13.1% decline was noted in the neonatal mortality coefficient during the period. In the study, mothers between 20 and 29 years of age prevailed with education between 8 and 11 years. The majority of the newborns who died had low birth weight and were premature. Avoidability prevailed in neonatal deaths, which could be avoided with adequate care to women during pregnancy.

Discussion:

Maternal and infant care has weaknesses that need to be remedied, given that early neonatal deaths are related to the quality of prenatal and neonatal care during childbirth.

Conclusions:

Despite the decline in neonatal mortality, many neonatal deaths still occur, especially during the first week of life, which are mainly related to weaknesses in maternal and infant health care.

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