Introduction:

Since infants are not able to express their feelings during the preverbal stage of development, neonatal pain rating scales are good tools for nurses to use in clinical practice.

Objective:

To describe valid and reliable scales used in nursing practice to assess neonatal pain.

Materials and Methods:

An integrative review of articles published since 1990 was conducted from 2019 to 2020. The databases consulted were PubMed, Lilacs, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Embase, VHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar metasearch engine. Twenty-two articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed.

Results:

Unidimensional and multidimensional instruments were found for assessing acute and prolonged pain in preterm and term neonates.

Discussion:

This integrative review provides healthcare professionals, especially nurses, with a conceptual basis for implementing clinical pain assessment tools according to gestational age, duration of pain, and type of indicator.

Conclusions:

According to the knowledge and characteristics of the scales, it is not possible to clearly establish the most appropriate one for general use or a gold standard; the selection will depend on different criteria, such as the type of stimulus, gestational age, and the newborn's context.

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