Abstract

TORRES GONZALEZ, Mateo De Jesús et al. Technologies in the defense sector: an international review. Rev. logos cienc. tecnol. [online]. 2025, vol.17, n.2, pp.142-165.  Epub Aug 01, 2025. ISSN 2145-594X.  https://doi.org/10.22335/rlct.v17i2.2007.

The defense sector at a global level faces challenges and evolving threats such as economic recession, unconventional threats, international competition, unemployment, organized crime, environmental degradation, uncontrolled migrations and accelerated technological development. This work aims to present the trends of technological innovations at a global level through the review of information published between 2006 and 2024. The bibliographic review is carried out from secondary sources that include scientific articles in specialized defense journals, official documents of ministries of defense, roadmaps, interviews, workbooks, defense strategies, bulletins, technical reports, government portals and public policies of the military sectors of twenty-three countries and two international organizations: the European Defense Agency (EDA) and the United Nations Defence Treaty Organization North Atlantic (NATO). Based on this information, the technologies were grouped into 21 categories, highlighting nine areas with the highest investment: advanced communication, naval platforms, emerging technologies, cybersecurity, missiles, space industry, aerial platforms, educational programs and detection. It is observed that countries such as the United States and several Europeans lead in multiple categories, while Asian actors such as China and South Korea also have a relevant presence. In contrast, countries such as Ecuador have a lower focus on these technologies, reflecting differences in priorities and resources. Although limitations in access to classified information may affect the accuracy of results, the study underscores that investment in defense research and technological development is a global trend to strengthen the security and independence of nations.

Keywords : Science and Technology; Technological Innovation; Military Defense; Armed Forces; Research and Development.

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