Context:

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury has become a topic of great interest in the medical community worldwide, being the third cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury.

Purpose:

This article presents a review of the literature in order to update the concepts of this pathology in health personnel who are in contact with the pediatric population that undergoes procedures with contrast media.

Methodology:

In this narrative review of the literature, we present the definition, risk factors, clinical approach, and preventive measures of contrast-induced nephropathy in pediatrics.

Results:

It is defined as a deterioration in acute renal function after the administration of the contrast medium where other possible etiologies are excluded and a true causal relationship with the substance is established. The risk factors are multiple; nevertheless; Strictly related factors in children have not been fully established. The approach to patients who are going to undergo studies with contrast media begins with a clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory measurements that allow the baseline status of each patient to be evaluated in order to establish preventive measures. The prevention strategies of this condition are multiple; however, there are no evidence-based guidelines on this condition in pediatric patients.

Conclusions:

This article presents a review of the literature in order to update the concepts of acute kidney injury in health personnel who are in contact with the pediatric population that undergoes procedures with contrast media.

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