NOTA CIENTÍFICA / SCIENTIFIC NOTE

 

Two new records of Alloxysta (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae) from Colombia

 

Dos nuevos registros de Alloxysta (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae) de Colombia

 

 

Mar Ferrer-Suay^I; Jesús Selfa^II; María Victoria Seco-Fernández^III; Juli Pujade-Villar^I

^IUniversitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal. Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain. mar.ferrer.suay@gmail.com, autor para correspondencia; jpujade@ub.edu
^IIUniversitat de València, Facultat de Ciències Biològiques, Departament de Zoologia. Campus de Burjassot-Paterna, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain. jesus.selfa@uv.es
^IIIUniversidad de León, Escuela Superior y Técnica de Ingeniería Agraria, Departamento de Ingeniería Agraría, Avda. de Portugal 41, E-24071-León, Spain. victoriaseco@unileon.es

 

 

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ABSTRACT

The Charipinae from Colombia has been recently studied. Nine Charipinae species are known to be present in this country: Alloxysta arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), Alloxysta castanea (Hartig, 1841), Alloxysta consobrina (Zetterstedt, 1838), Alloxysta hansoni Pujade-Villar, 2011, Alloxysta obscurata (Hartig, 1840), Alloxysta medinae Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012, Alloxysta pilipennis (Hartig, 1840), Alloxysta torresi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012 and Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig, 1841). Here more Charipinae material has been studied from collections made with Malaise traps by the Humboldt Institute in several places of Colombia. In this study, two species are recorded for the first time from Colombia: Alloxysta mullensis (Cameron, 1883) and Alloxysta xanthopa (Thomson, 1862). Data of the capture of the specimens are given.

Key words: Hyperparasitoids. Aphids. Psyllids.

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RESUMEN

Los charipinos presentes en Colombia han sido recientemente estudiados. Nueve especies están presentes en este país: Alloxysta arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), Alloxysta castanea (Hartig, 1841), Alloxysta consobrina (Zetterstedt, 1838), Alloxysta hansoni Pujade-Villar, 2011, Alloxysta obscurata (Hartig, 1840), Alloxysta medinae Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012, Alloxysta pilipennis (Hartig, 1840), Alloxysta torresi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012 y Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig, 1841). Hemos estudiado más material de Charipinae a partir de colectas realizadas en trampa Malaise por el Instituto Humboldt en diversos lugares de Colombia. En este estudio se citan por primera vez en Colombia las especies: Alloxysta mullensis (Cameron, 1883) y Alloxysta xanthopa (Thomson, 1862). Se dan datos de la captura de los especímenes.

Palabras clave: Hiperparasitoides. Áfidos. Psílidos.

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Introduction

The Charipinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) is an important subfamily characterized being hyperparasitoids of aphids and psyllids. As hyperparasitoids they have an important impact in the aphid biological control programs. The presence of Charipinae can modify the biological control done by hymenopteran parasitoids of aphid pests in at least three ways: (i) increasing primary parasitoid mortality, (ii) increasing the growth rate of the aphid population indirectly and (iii) increasing the propensity for primary parasitoids to disperse (van Veen et al. 2001).

Members of subfamily Charipinae are very small wasps (~1 mm of length) with a worldwide distribution, characterized by a smooth and shiny body. Concretely, Alloxysta Förster, 1869 is the most abundant and widely distributed genus in this subfamily. Nowadays, there are 101 Alloxysta species considered valid (Ferrer-Suay, person. data). This genus is also present in every biogeographical region. Recently, the fauna of charipines has been studied from collections made with Malaise traps by the Humboldt Institute in several places of Colombia (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012a). In this study, six species were cited for the first time in this country: Alloxysta arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), Alloxysta castanea (Hartig, 1841), Alloxysta hansoni Pujade-Villar, 2011, Alloxysta obscurata (Hartig, 1840), Alloxysta pilipennis (Hartig, 1840), and Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig, 1841) and two more were described: Alloxysta medinae Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012 and Alloxysta torresi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar, 2012. Alloxysta consobrina (Zetterstedt, 1838) was cited in Colombia in a previous work (Pujade-Villar et al. 2010).

Continuing with the Charipinae studies from collections in this country, two more species have been found for the first time in Colombia.

Alloxysta mullensis (Cameron, 1883)

Diagnosis. Alloxysta mullensis is mainly characterized having closed radial cell being 2.2 times as long as wide, pronotal carinae absent, propodeal carinae present forming a plate, male and female with the beginning of rhinaria in F4, F1 longer than F2, F2 subequal to F3, F3 shorter than F4. It is similar to A. fracticornis but they can be differentiated by the relation between F1 and pedicel: F1 subequal to pedicel in A. mullensis while F1 longer than pedicel in A. fracticornis; proportion between flagellomeres: F1 longer than F2 and F2 subequal to F3 in A. mullensis female but F1-F3 subequal in length in A. fracticornis female; without any flagellomere curved in A. mullensis male but F3 curved in A. fracticornis male.

Material studied. (1♀): COLOMBIA. Bolívar. Mun. Zambrano, Had. Monterrey, 9º37'N 74º54'W, 70, Malaise, 30-31.vii.1993, coll. F. Fernández & G. Ulloa, M. 3493. IAvH-E 147441.

Distribution. Palaearctic and Neotropical (Mexico). New record for Colombia.

Hosts. Consult Charipinae Worldwide Catalogue (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012b)

Alloxysta xanthopa (Thomson, 1862)

Diagnosis. Alloxysta xanthopa is characterized having completely open radial cell being 2.4 times as long as wide, pronotal carinae present, propodeal carinae forming a plate, and rhinaria beginning in F3, F1 longer than pedicel and slightly longer than F2, F3 longer than F3 and F3 subequal to F4. According wih this features this species is easily differentiated from the other Alloxysta species.

Material studied. (1♀): COLOMBIA. Norte de Santander. PNN Tamá, Mun. Toledo. Vda. La Camacha. Pozo Negro, 7º21'N 72º28'W, 2213, Malaise, 21-29.xi.2003, coll. C. Leal, M. 4281. IAvH-E 147453.

Distribution. Palaearctic. New record for Colombia.

Hosts. Consult Charipinae Worldwide Catalogue (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012b).

 

Acknowledgements

Claudia A. Medina, Arturo González y Miguel Angel Torres from the IAvH (Instituto Alexander von Humboldt) for sending us the material mentioned in this study and for all their kindness shown during stay in Villa de Leiva. This research was supported by the project CGL2011-22889 of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) and the grant AP2009-4833 of the Ministerio de Educación (Spain).

 

Literature cited

CAMERON, P. 1883. Descriptions of sixteen new species of parasitic Cynipidae, chiefly from Scotland. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 16 (4): 365-374.         [ Links ]

FERRER-SUAY, M.; SELFA, J.; PUJADE-VILLAR, J. 2012a. Charipinos de Colombia (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), con la descripción de dos nuevas especies. Revista Colombiana de Entomología 38 (2): 320-328.         [ Links ]

FERRER-SUAY, M.; PARETAS-MARTÍNEZ, J.; SELFA, J.; PUJADE-VILLAR, J. 2012b. Taxonomic and synonymic world catalogue of the Charipinae and notes about this subfamily (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae). Zootaxa: 3376: 1-92.         [ Links ]

HARTIG, T. 1840. Ueber die Familie der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift für Entomologie (Germar) 2: 176-210.         [ Links ]

HARTIG, T. 1841. Erster nachtrag zur naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift für Entomologie (Germar) 3: 322-358.         [ Links ]

KIEFFER, J. J. 1902. Description de quelques Cynipidés nouveaux ou peu connus et de deux de leurs parasites (Hyménoptères). Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Metz 10: 1-18.         [ Links ]

PUJADE-VILLAR, J.; FERRER-SUAY, M., M.; SELFA, J.; CAICEDO-RAMÍREZ, G. 2010. Primera Cita de Charinae (Hym., Figitidae) para Colombia. Boletín del Museo de Entomología de la Universidad del Valle 11 (2): 28-32.         [ Links ]

THOMSON, C. G. 1862. Forsok till uppstallning och beskrifning af Sveriges Figiter. Öfversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-akademiens förhandlingar 18: 395-420.         [ Links ]

VAN VEEN, F. J. F.; RAJKUMAR, A.; MÜLLER, C. B.; GODFRAY, H. C. J. 2001. Increased reproduction by pea aphids in the presence of secondary parasitoids. Ecological Entomology 26: 425-429.         [ Links ]

ZETTERSTEDT, J. W. 1838. Insecta Lapponica descripta: Hymenoptera. pp 315-476. Voss, Lipsiae. 1139 p.         [ Links ]

 

 

Received: Oct-26-2014
Accepted: Nov-6-2015