Questions and answers

Questions and answers

Preguntas y Respuestas

Fernando Raffan Sanabria^a,b,*

^a Anesthesiologist and Intensiuist, University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia
^b Professor, Universidad el Bosque and Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia

* Please cite this article as: Sanabria FR. Preguntas Y Respuestas. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2014; 42(3):243-244.
* Corresponding author at: Calle 119 núm. 7-75, Bogotá, Colombia. E-mail address: raffanmago@gmail.com

This section includes questions prepared on the basis of the contents of the articles published in volume 42, number 2 of the Colombian Journal ofAnesthesiology. Accept this challenge to test your reading comprehension and knowledge.

1. All of the following relate to the term "medical error" except:

a. The inability to complete an action plan as expected

b. Most of the time it is the result of carelessness

c. The most serious events are associated with problems that are inherent (latent) to the processes used

d. Use of the wrong plan for achieving a goal

2. Ventricular ejection time:

a. Is the period of time between the opening and closing of the aortic valve

b. Is independent from contractility

c. Is significantly reduced by mechanical ventilation

d. Does not change with changes in afterload

3. Which of the following tools are less accurate for assessing cardiac volumes?

a. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

b. Echocardiography

c. Thermodilution

d. Systolic variability

4. Of the following dietary supplements, which has the lowest level of recommendation:

a. Melatonin

b. Co-enzyme Q10

c. Ginkgo biloba

d. Ginger

5. In post cardiac arrest syndrome, all of the following are true, except:

a. When the mechanism is pulseless electrical activity, progression to neurological damage is faster and the prognosis is worse than when defibrillation can be used

b. Hypothermia between 32 and 34 °C is the gold standard in post cardiac arrest care

c. Neurological damage after 56 minutes of cardiac arrest with no care is almost always irreversible

d. Better neurological results are seen when oxygen arterial pressure is greater than 200 mm of mercury

6. In the management of hypothermia in post-cardiac arrest syndrome it is true that:

a. The induction phase must be started within two hours after spontaneous return of circulation

b. Magnesium sulphate administration has been suggested for the prevention of shivering from cold

c. During the induction phase, hypertension and hyperkalemia are the most destabilizing factors for the patient

d. It is recommended to initiate hypothermia only after spontaneous cardiac activity returns

7. During the rewarming phase in the management of post-cardiac arrest the following is false:

a. Rewarming must be done at a rate of 0.2 to 0.3 degrees centigrade per hour until normothermia is achieved

b. Prophylactic antibiotics must be given early on while hypothermia is maintained

c. The presence of seizures, hypertension and cerebral oedema has been described

d. QT interval prolongation, hypomagnesaemia and hypophosphatemia have been described

8. The use of ultrasound by anaesthetists has shown to be effective in all of the following, except for:

a. Diagnosis

b. Procedure guidance

c. Screening

d. Quantitative ultrasound

9. Regarding simulation as a tool for safety initiatives, it has been found that:

a. It has been used to train staff regarding safety and teamwork

b. Organizational and human factors have been proposed as limitations for the effect of many methodologies adopted

c. New concepts sometimes go against established ideas and emotions of the medical and other staff regarding healthcare functioning

d. All of the above are true

10. Epidermolysis bullosa is a genetically determined mechanical blistering disease. About this disease, it is false that:

a. It always produces severe dysfunction and patient survival is less than one year

b. One of its histologic form is dermolytic or dystrophic

c. The absence of laminin 5 protein is responsible for Herlitz epidermolysis bullosa

d. Locoregional technique is preferred over general anaesthesia as far as the intraoperative pharmacological treatment is concerned

Reference

Answers

1. b
2. a
3. d
4. c
5. d
6. b
7. b
8. d
9. d
10. a