Questions and Answers^*

Preguntas y respuestas

Fernando Raffán-Sanábria^a,b

^a Intensivist Anesthesiologist, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
^b Universidad del Bosque and Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia

^* Please cite this article as: Raffán-Sanabria F. Preguntas y respuestas. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2015;43:346-347. 2256-2087/

1) The amyloid beta 4-2 is a toxic peptide that is increased in several conditions such as head trauma and Alzheimer's disease, inter alia. Experimentally, an increased concentration of this substance has been found following the administration of the following agents, except for:

1. Ketamine
2. Sevoflurane
3. Propofol
4. Isoflurane

2) Based on the systematic review by Trujillo-Zea, Ariatizabal-Henao, and Fonseca-Ruiz on the use of Ringer's Lactate (RL) vs. normal saline solution (NSS), it has been suggested that in patients undergoing renal transplantation:

1. RL increases the K serum concentration more than NSS
2. There is no significant difference in the K serum concentration between the two groups
3. No significant arterial pH changes were found in either group.
4. There were significant changes in the Creatinine serum concentration on the third post-operative day, significantly favoring RL.

3) In the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block technique, the local anesthetic agent deposits:

1. Below the transversus abdominis muscle
2. Between the internal oblique and the external oblique
3. Above the external oblique
4. Between the transverse muscle and the internal oblique muscle

4) Intravascular volume expansion in preload-dependent patients results in increased systolic volume. These changes are reversible and fast. Which of the following methods is less suitable to establish the likelihood of a patient responding to volume therapy?

1. Left ventricular end-diastolic area index
2. Doppler
3. Changes in pulse pressure
4. Capnography

5) Which of the following distractors are NOT part of the formula to estimate the apparent strong ions difference (SIDa) according to Steward?

1. Lactate
2. PCO₂
3. Mg
4. Cl

6) The incidence of failed intubation among the general population is estimated at approximately:

1. 2.15% to 6.8%.
2. 1.15% to 3.8%.
3. 0.13% to 0.3%.
4. 0.05% to 0.1%

7) Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for hepaticarterythrombosis followinglivertransplantation?

1. Factor V Leiden mutation
2. Cytomegalovirus infection
3. Acute rejection
4. Transplant receptor older than 60 years of age

8) Postoperative alopecia has been mainly described in patients undergoing:

1. Neurosurgery
2. Cardiovascular surgery
3. Orthopedic surgery
4. Plastic surgery

9) The scimitar syndrome belongs to the group of venolobar syndromes associated with pulmonary sequestration and congenital heart defects. Which of the following statements is false?

1. The syndrome was described for the first time in Santander (Colombia)
2. Has an incidence of 1 to 5 cases per 100,000 live births
3. There is an adult and a pediatric presentation
4. The levels of pulmonary hypertension are variable from mild to severe

10) From the pharmacokinetic perspective, which of the following drugs has a low hepatic extraction ratio?

1. Fentanyl
2. Etomidate
3. Ketamine
4. Sodium thiopental

Answers

1) a
2) b
3) d
4) a
5) b
6) c
7) d
8) b
9) a
10) d

Reference

Raffán F. Preguntas y Respuestas. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 2015;43(3):173-260.         [ Links ]