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Revista de Salud Pública

Print version ISSN 0124-0064

Rev. salud pública vol.12  suppl.2 Bogotá Nov. 2010

 

Antibiotic resistance

Changing drug profiles of the same strain reactivating three times in a patient with intestinal Tuberculosis

Fernández-Figueiras Sandra1, Toro-Araujo Elsa Sofia1, Angulo-Rojas Alejandro1,Montilla Ninoska2, Da Mata-Jardín Omaira Josefina1, and de Waard Jacobus H3

1 Laboratorio de Diagnósticos Especiales, Departamento de Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Higiene Rafael Rangel. Caracas. Venezuela.
2 Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital General del Este Dr. Domingo Lucianiâ, Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales. Caracas. Venezuela.
3 Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Instituto de Biomedicina. Caracas. Venezuela

BACKGROUND: In 1998-99, a national drug resistance survey in Venezuela was done by Control Tuberculosis Program reporting low prevalence of antituberculosis multidrug- resistance (MDR) with 0,5 % in new cases. OBJECTIVE: To asses drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from 2001 to 2006 in the National Institute of Hygiene Rafael Rangel, in Caracas. METHODS: Available strains were tested using the Alamar Blue colorimetric method of Yajko et al. RESULTS: Of 329 strains, 45 (14 %) showed resistance to one or more drugs. Resistance to streptomycin (10 ug/ml) was found in 31 (9 %) strains, isoniazid (INH) (1 ug/ml) in 23 (7 %), rifampicin (RMP) (5 ug/ml) in 13 (4 %), and ethambutol (10 ug/ml) in 12 (4 %). Of the 15 (5 %) isolates resistant to two ore more drugs, 12 (4 %) were resistant to INH and RMP (defined as MDR) Of these 12 MDR-TB strains, 11 were isolated from sputum and one from pleural fluid, we had clinical-epidemiological information of 4 patients.

Prevalence of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Caracas, Venezuela; 2001-2006

Loren Orozco1, Mailis Maes1, Jacobus H. de Waard1

1 Laboratorio de Tuberculosis, Instituto de Biomedicina, Caracas, Venezuela.

INTRODUCTION: A 34-years old masculine patient was diagnosed with intestinal TB in 4 opportunities: January 2004, January 2005, August 2006 and September 2007. TB treatment was initiated four times with the same 4 drugs (INH, RIF, PZA, EMB). Patient completed treatment and improved significantly his conditions; gaining his bodyweight and without symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To determine if drug resistance and consequently relapse or a re- infection with another strain caused intestinal TB in this patient. METHODS: Drug resistance patterns (INH, RIF, STR, EMB) for the four isolates of M. tuberculosis were determined with the nitrate reductase assay described by Ängeby et al. 15- Locus based MIRU described by Supply et al. was preformed to determine the relatedness of the strains. RESULTS: The strain isolated in the year 2004 showed resistance to isoniazid only. The strain isolated in 2005 was susceptible to all the 4 drugs tested. The strains isolated in 2006 and 2007 were resistance to Rifampicin. MIRU-VNTR showed the same pattern for the four isolates. DISCUSSION: This study shows that different sub- populations of the same strain colonized the patient in different moments of time. There is no explication why different sub-populations survive treatment and reactivate.

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