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Dimensión Empresarial

Print version ISSN 1692-8563

Dimens.empres. vol.14 no.2 Barranquilla July/Dec. 2016

 

Peace, scenarios and possibilities

Paz, escenarios y posibilidades

It is possible to accept that the issue of the current situation it summary up in the concept of post-conflict. However, there are so dissimilar positions around that this it is not easy to understand it: Can we assume that this refers to the problems of military actions of the insurgency? This is a hypothesis if we accept that this is the source of conflict. Does the post-conflict allows us to contemplate the possibility of eliminating illegal, drug trafficking, for example, as an efficient cause of the conflict? This is also a hypothetical approach, which assumes that the great engine of financing subversion is drug trafficking. You can also think that the post-conflict refers to institutional improvements, that is, to high levels of impunity and corruption, in addition to the age-old problems of productivity, employment, quality of life and a long list showing the institutional conditions of Colombian development and, similarly, largely to Latin American conditions. f assuming the results of Sanabria, Cardenas & Contreras (2015), the post conflict may be controvert as an unclear concept. These authors begin to study it from the perspective of insecurity, that is, from a vision of the citizen and not just a problem of military strategy. They show how to Bogota in the period 2011-2012, possession of flrearms in crimes committed was 90% and 93% ilegal. In connection with the homicides in the same period, 47.8% and 54.4% were due to revenge; 20.2% and 15.3% by argument or quarrel; and only 1.3% and 1.4% in authority procedures associated to the actions of guerrillas, paramilitaries and criminal gangs. Sanabria, Cardenas & Contreras also indicate that 52.4% and 52.9% of the crimes it performed on persons residing in the same sector. A quick crossing of these data offers the possibility of a cultural hypothesis, in the sense of conflict resolution.

As well, a look related with the impact associated to drug trafficking and actions of the guerrillas in recent years locate it mainy in the rural sites and with a regular footprint significance in the urban. If all the above is accepted, the questions generated n the first paragraph indicate that only speaks as post conflict from solving of one problem. This is, the most backward in the social construction in non-urban areas, understanding as such, in the sense of culture those in which relations based more on a myth and magic, rather than reason, although it seems circumstantially the most media impact.

Moreover, according to the CPC1 (2016) citing the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) of the World Economic Forum (WEF), the country jumped from position 63 among 122 countries in the year 2006, to position 61 from 140 in 2015. This shows an apparent breakthrough in competitiveness, due mainly to the mprovement in the rights issue, "financial market development and macroeconomic environment, but loss of competitive position in institutions, market efficiency goods, health and primary education, labor market efficiency and innovation. This explains how, although the indicator of gross capital formation goes from 100 to 369 (2006-2015), the Total Factor Productivity moves from 100 to 114 in the same period. An inefficient Productive Development Policy (PDP) can explain this. These are the foundations of the relationship between the PDP and qualitative changes involved in implementing innovation scenarios. With this panorama, you may explain that payments for use of intellectual property in relation to GDP, as an index of technology absorption, are to South Korea 2005: 0.53% and 2014: 0.74%; and for Colombia the indicator in the same years is 0.08% and 0.13%. This allows us to understand that in 2012 the manufacturing sector is classified as non-innovative, 73.6%; potentially innovative, 4.7%; broadly innovative, 21.5%, strictly innovative 0.2%. In the same year and in the same order, service sector: 71.8%, 4.3%, 23.8%, and 0.05%. Meanwhile, although showing an improving trend, in 2015 companies showed a 47% of difficulties to fill their vacancies due to lack of relevant technical competencies.

In other figures in this scenario, it may occur that justice in 2015 submitted the following credibility: favorable 19%; and 74% unfavorable. In the CPC report it presented 3.8 out of 5 as the perception of corruption and over the period of 20082015, the results show that corruption is decreasing 9%, turning 83% as a worse situation.

So far, it has tried to show the picture from which we propose to build the post-conflict. For some sectors, with strong reasons, this is not feasible because is administered no justice. However, which? Is that that is not trusted? In addition, another sector assumes that once signed agreements with the insurgency, the described of economic system will be arranged and what has been built up over the centuries will easily change. In the overall picture, from the perspective of Pinker (2012), the longest lasting in the history of humanity is not peace but war. Although since the Second World War there has not been a war of similar magnitude on the horizon, localized wars are a constant and a cultural horizon near close to the points made by Huntington (2015) as a clash at the demarcation line of civilizations. These are understood as a cultural perspective described by Elias (1988) and corresponding to the current major civilizations as Western (America and Europe), Islamic, Hindu, Chinese and Russian, which coexist in many conflicts within and between them.

In this tangled panorama, one question that we can to make: if a partial peace, agreement will represent a change in, at least, the local conditions. To this question, we may answer with a PDP that recomposes the scene and contributes to many innovative alternatives and thus compete with sophisticated goods, better education to ensure higher productivity and a sparkler justice to ensure a climate of security. However, this is not just the government job, but also a responsibility of the companies and a restructuring exercise of reason and the civilizational sense described in Elijah.

It is in this scenario that the academy, as a moral reserve, should play a leading role by joining companies, seeking economies of collaboration and implementation of proposals for creativity and innovation.

1 Next figures belong the CPC report cited


Álvaro de Jesús Cervantes Sanjuanelo
Decano Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Económicas y Contables 
Universidad Autónoma del Caribe

Néstor Juan Sanabria Landazábal
Editor
Revista Dimensión Empresaria


REFERENCIAS

CPC (Consejo Privado de Competitividad) (2016). Informe nacional de competitividad, 2015-2016. En http://www,compite,com,co/site/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/INC-2015-2016,pdf consultado el 17/06/2016.         [ Links ]

Elías, N. (1988) El proceso de la civilización. Investigaciones sociogenéticas y sicogenéticas. México: FCE.         [ Links ]

Huntington, S.P. (2015). El choque de las civilizaciones. Barcelona: Paidos Ibérica.         [ Links ]

Pinker, S. (2012) Los ángeles que llevamos dentro. Madrid: Paidos.         [ Links ]

Sanabria, N.J.,J.M. Cárdenas & JA Contreras (2015). El delito y la fundamentación de la política criminal. Revista de Paz y Conflictos, 8(2), 53-74.         [ Links ]

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