<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0012-7353</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[DYNA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Dyna rev.fac.nac.minas]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0012-7353</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0012-73532021000300152</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/dyna.v88n218.91738</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A stopwatch time study for an underground mining extraction]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El estudio de tiempo con cronómetro en un proceso extractivo minero subterráneo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vílchez-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mylena Karen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cáceres-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shonel Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Privada del Norte Facultad de Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cajamarca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>218</numero>
<fpage>152</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0012-73532021000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0012-73532021000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0012-73532021000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study seeks to increase the understanding of stopwatch time studies by determining standard cycle times for an underground mining extraction process, implementing the technique in a polymetallic mining deposit of intermediate to low sulphidation of silver, gold, lead, zinc, and copper, contained in silver-bearing galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and tetrahedrite; located in veins, at a height of 4630 m above sea level. The meticulous methodology of the technique identified and corrected an error in production cycle times, recognizing irregular elements that had been ignored in previous measurements, as well as strange elements produced during drilling activities, which set pace to the entire process. Finally, an improved and adapted technique was developed for this sector, through which process cycles could be determined at a 7.3% error, an acceptable value due to access limitations to the extraction areas by the strict security measures and reduced bias in planning production projections.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue ampliar la comprensión del estudio de tiempos con cronómetro, en la determinación del tiempo de ciclo estándar de un proceso extractivo minero subterráneo, implementando la técnica en un yacimiento minero polimetálico de plata (Ag), oro (Au), plomo (Pb), zinc (Zn) y cobre (Cu), contenidos en galena argentífera, esfalerita, calcopirita y tetraedrita; de intermedia a baja sulfuración, emplazado en vetas, a una altura de 4 630 metros sobre el nivel del mar. La minuciosa metodología de la técnica permitió evidenciar y corregir un error en las unidades del tiempo de ciclo productivo, identificar elementos casuales que habían sido ignorados en mediciones previas, y elementos extraños producidos durante la labor de perforación, que fue la tarea estudiada por ser la que marca el ritmo del proceso. Finalmente, se logró una técnica mejorada y adaptada para este sector, a través del cual se pudo determinar el ciclo del proceso con un 7.3% de error, aceptable debido a las limitantes que constituyen el acceso a las zonas extractivas por las estrictas medidas de seguridad, y además disminuir el sesgo en la planificación de las proyecciones de producción.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[time study]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[standard cycle time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[underground mine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[effective speed of working]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[allowances time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio de tiempos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tiempo de ciclo estándar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[minería subterránea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factor de valoración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tolerancias]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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