<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7418</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. colomb. cienc. quim. farm.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7418</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departamento de Farmácia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade Nacional da Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-74182021000100029</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/rcciquifa.v50n1.95447</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and potential toxicity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) leaves]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Triagem fitoquímica, atividade antioxidante e potencial tóxico das folhas de Azadirachta indica A. Juss (nim)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Detección fitoquímica, actividad antioxidante y posible toxicidad de las hojas de Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maisa Sayuri]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batalini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudemir]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barra do Garças MT]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pontal do Araguaia MT]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>29</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-74182021000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-74182021000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-74182021000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY  Introduction:  Azadirachta indica A. Juss, popularly known as neem, has been gaining ground in alternative herbal medicine. This plant offers a constant source of new and unique phytochemicals that are used in the development of new drugs.  Aim: A preliminary chemical analysis was carried out to detect secondary metabolites present in the crude hydroethanolic extract of dried and macerated leaves of A. indica and to evaluate its antioxidant and toxic potential.  Methodology: The chemical analysis, which was performed according to a procedure described in the literature, identified data positive for phenols, tannins, leucoanthocyanidins, catechins, flavones, flavonoids and xanthones, and the absence of anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, chalcones, aurones, flavonols and flavanones.  Results: The quantitative test by the DPPH method, performed in an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, revealed moderate at the highest concentration of 250.0 &#956;g.mL-1. An investigation of the toxicity potential of the crude extract against larvae of Artemia salina Leach, indicated LC50 = 596.7 &#956;g.mL-1, placing it within the range of moderate toxicity when compared to data in the literature.  Conclusion: These studies therefore indicate that crude hydroethanolic extract of A. indica leaves contains substances with medicinal properties and that it is safe for therapeutic purposes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO  Introdução: Azadirachta indica A. Juss, conhecida popularmente como nim, vem se tornando importante na terapia herbal alternativa. A planta oferece uma constante fonte de novos e únicos compostos fitoquímicos, utilizados no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.  Objetivo: buscou-se realizar a análise química preliminar para detecção dos metabólitos secundários presentes no extrato bruto hidroetanólico das folhas secas e maceradas de A. indica e avaliar o potencial antioxidante e tóxico.  Metodologia: a análise química foi realizada seguindo-se o procedimento da literatura, informando dados positivos para fenóis, taninos, leucoantocianidinas, catequinas, flavonas, flavonois e xantonas e ausência de antocianinas, antocianidinas, chalconas, auronas, flavononóis e flavanonas.  Resultados: o teste quantitativo pelo método de DPPH, em aparelho ultravioleta-visível, revelou atividade antioxidante moderada, na maior concentração de 250,0 &#956;g.mL-1. A investigação do potencial tóxico frente às larvas de Artemia salina Leach indicou CL50 = 596,7 &#956;g.mL-1, que comparado a dados da literatura situa-se na faixa de toxicidade moderada.  Conclusões: dessa forma, os estudos realizados sinalizam que o extrato bruto hidroetanólico das folhas de A. indica contém substâncias que possam conferir propriedades medicinais, além do uso seguro para ins terapêuticos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Azadirachta indica A. Juss, conocida popularmente como nim, ha ido ganando terreno en la medicina alternativa a base de hierbas. Esta planta ofrece una fuente constante de itoquímicos nuevos y únicos que se utilizan en el desarrollo de nuevos fármacos.  Objetivo: Detectar metabolitos secundarios presentes en el extracto hidroetanólico crudo de hojas secas y maceradas de A. indica y evaluar su potencial antioxidante y tóxico, para ello se realizó un análisis químico preliminar.  Metodología: El análisis químico, que se realizó según un procedimiento descrito en la literatura, identificó datos positivos para fenoles, taninos, leucoantocianidinas, catequinas, flavonas, flavonoides y xantonas, y la ausencia de antocianinas, antocianidinas, calconas, auronas, flavonoles y flavanonas.  Resultados: La prueba cuantitativa por el método DPPH, realizada en un espectrofotómetro ultravioleta-visible, reveló actividad antioxidante moderada en la más alta concentración de 250,0 &#956;g.mL-1. Una investigación del potencial de toxicidad del extracto crudo contra larvas de Artemia salina Leach} indicó LC50 = 596.7 &#956;g.mL-1, ubicándolo dentro del rango de toxicidad moderada en comparación con los datos de la literatura.  Conclusión: Por tanto, estos estudios indican que el extracto hidroetanólico crudo de hojas de A. indica contiene sustancias con propiedades medicinales y que es seguro para fines terapéuticos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phytochemistry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antioxidant activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[toxicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medicinal plant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fitoquímica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[atividade antioxidante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[toxicidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[planta medicinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fitoquímica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad antioxidante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[toxicidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[planta medicinal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dutra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calixto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medicinal plants in Brazil: pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges, and perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmacol. Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<page-range>4-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCreath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgoda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolutionary perspectives on the role of plant secondary metabolites]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA["Pharmacognosy: Fundamentals, applications and strategies"]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>93-100</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Diego (CA) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saxena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Naturally occurring pesticides and their potential, In: "Chemistry and world food supplies"]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<page-range>143-62</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ontario, Canada ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pergamon Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mossini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kemmelmeier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A árvore nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss): múltiplos usos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Farm. Bonaerense]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>139-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghalamkari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toghiani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yazdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Humoral immune responses of broiler chickens fed with antibiotic and neem fruit powder (Azadirachta indica) as feed additive supplemented diet]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Conference on Life Science and Technology, International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (IPCBEE)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2011</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Singapor </conf-loc>
<page-range>153-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nayaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.B.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Umakantha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.N.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayanaswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Emirates J. FoodAgricult]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>483-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nayaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.B.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Umakantha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.N.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayanaswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of neem, turmeric, vitamin E and their combinations on immune response in broilers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Veterinaria]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>486-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jawad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Younus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rehman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maqbool]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muhammad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) on immunity of commercial broilers against new castle disease and infectious bursal disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[African J. Agricult. Res]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>37</numero>
<issue>37</issue>
<page-range>4596-603</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornélio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.F.G.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues-Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Napolitano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemical characterization of Azadirachta indica grafted on Melia azedarach and analyses of azadirachtin by HPLC-MS-MS (SRM) and meliatoxins by MALDI-MS]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phytochem. Anal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>363-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmutterer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Properties and potential of natural pesticides from the neem tree]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Azadirachta indica, Annu. Rev. Entomol]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>271-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["O Nim Azadirachta indica natureza, usos múltiplos, produção, Londrina: IAPAR"]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venkatakrishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madyastha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[11-epi-azadirachtin D: an epimeric azadirachtin analogue from Azadirachta indica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phytochemistry]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>265-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siddiqui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afshan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Three novel tetracyclic triterpenoids of biogenetic interest from the leaves of Azadirachta indica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tetrahedron]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<issue>52</issue>
<page-range>10281-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bottrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Neem pesticides in rice; potencial and limitations"]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>64</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[IRRI ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Manila]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biswas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chattopadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banerjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandyopadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biological activities and medicinal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Science]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1336-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naraynan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawaikar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phagodeterrence of various fractions of neem oil against Schistocerca gregaria Forsk]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian J. Entomol]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>469-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Introdução à fitoquímica experimental"]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<page-range>15-66</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Fortaleza ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EUFC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira Junior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.L.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavalcante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.C.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.D.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.B.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fenóis totais e atividade antioxidante de cinco plantas medicinais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quím. Nova]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>351-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vizmanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A simple and a reliable method to quantify antioxidant activity in vivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Antioxidants]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>142-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrigni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Putnam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacobsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nichols]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLaughlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Brine shrimp, a convenient general bioassay for active-plant constituents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Planta Med]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>31-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorgeloos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Der Wielen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Persoone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of Artemia nauplii for toxicity tests. A critical analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecotoxico. Environment. Safety]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>249-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sardinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yhebra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buelba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative study of the assay of Artemia salina Leach and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phytomedicine]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>395-400</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sasidharan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vivo toxicity study of Lantana camara]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian Pacific J. Trop. Biomed]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>230-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lhullier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falkenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Avaliação de extratos de macroalgas bênticas do litoral catarinense utilizando o teste de letalidade para Artemia salina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Bras. Farmacognosia]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>158-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.L.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koblitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.G.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Compostos fenólicos, carotenóides e atividade antioxidante em produtos vegetais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semina: Ciências Agrárias]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>669-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albuquerque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amorim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.L.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Taninos: uma abordagem da química à ecologia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quím. Nova]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>892-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuanazzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montanha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Flavonóides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Farmacognosia: da planta ao medicamento"]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<edition>5</edition>
<page-range>576-614</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre/Florianópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora da UFRGS/Editora da UFSC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benisheikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muhammad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelluri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aliyu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jibrin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phytochemical extraction and antimicrobial studies on crude leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) in semi-arid region of Borno State, Nigeria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int. J. Res. Review]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>516-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shu'aibu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mu'inat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jauro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kabiru]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of bacteriostatic effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves on some clinical bacterial isolates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Harmonized Res. Appl. Sci]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>152-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghimeray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghimire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antioxidant activity and quantitative estimation of azadirachtin and nimbin in Azadirachta indica A. Juss grown in foothills of Nepal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[African J. BiotechnoL]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>3084-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Subapriya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medicinal properties of neem leaves: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>149-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wandscheer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fukuyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wohlke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adelmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Larvicidal action of ethanolic extracts from fruit endo-carps of Melia azedarach and Azadirachta indica against the dengue mosquito Aedes aegypti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicon]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>829-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salehzadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akhkha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cushley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L.P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H. C. Strang]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The antimitotic effect of the neem terpenoid azadirachtin on cultured insect cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>681-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Life Sciences]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>2157-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noldin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedrosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Composição química e atividades biológicas das folhas de Cynara scolymus L. (Alcachofra) cultivada no Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quím. Nova]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>331-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cansian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orlando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piazza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honaiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paroul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toxicity of clove essential oil and its ester eugenyl acetate against Artemia salina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Braz. J. Biol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>155161</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mbaria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gakuya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gathumbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kabasa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biological screening of Kenya medicinal plants using Artemia salina L. (Artemiidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmacology Online]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>458-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rajabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramazani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Artemia salina as a model organism in toxicity assessment of nanoparticles]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[DARUJ. Pharm. Sci]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bevilacqua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.H.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suffredini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toxicidade de Neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), em Artemia sp: comparação da preparação comercial e do óleo puro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Inst. Ciências da Saúde]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>157-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundaram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Azadirachtin biopesticide: a review of studies conducted on its analytical chemistry, environmental behaviour and biological effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Environment. Sci. Health]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>913-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Shafy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zayed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In vitro acararicidal effect of plant extract of Neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica) on egg, immature, and adult stages of Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (Ixodoidea: Ixodidade)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Parasitol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>106</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>89-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.P.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baracat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arakawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verri Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casagrande]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georgetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevention of UVB radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice by topical administration of Azadirachta indica (neem) extract]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Basic Appl. Pharm. Sci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>41</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
