<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7418</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. colomb. cienc. quim. farm.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7418</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departamento de Farmácia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade Nacional da Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-74182022000200625</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/rcciquifa.v51n2.97349</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Aminoglycoside resistance in domestic sewage and clinical Escherichia coli isolates]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Resistencia a aminoglucósidos en aguas residuales domésticas y aislamientos clínicos de Escherichia coli]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Resistência a aminoglicosídeos em esgoto doméstico e isolados clínicos de Escherichia coli]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Barbara de Oliveira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Debora Vargas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Magna Cristina de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Divinópolis ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de Farmácia Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte MG]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Divinópolis Minas Gerais]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>625</fpage>
<lpage>640</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-74182022000200625&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-74182022000200625&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-74182022000200625&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY  Introduction:  Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacillus, is found in diverse environments and causes several human diseases, such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Aminoglycosides are antimicrobials that present high activity against Gram-negative species, including multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, the indiscriminate use of these compounds has selected resistant microorganisms, mainly due to the production of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME).  Material and methods: The minimal inhibitory concentration of the aminoglycosides amikacin, gentamicin, and neomycin against clinical (CI, n = 52, only urinary) and domestic sewage (DS, n = 33) E. coli isolates was determined by the microdilution method, according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. The presence of AMEs among E. coli isolates was determined based on the susceptibility profile to amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and tobramycin, according to Mancini et al. (2019).  Results: Overall, 33.3% of the DS isolates and 100% of the CI isolates presented mechanisms of resistance to amikacin, gentamicin, or neomycin. The extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes-producing isolates (23/27, 85%) showed mechanisms of resistance to gentamicin and/or neomycin and resistance to amikacin was simultaneously observed only in CI isolates. All DS isolates were considered wild-type-no AME, while APH (3') (14/52) and AAC (3') (10/52) enzymes were detected among CI isolates, one of which produces APH (3') and AAC (6')-I simultaneously.  Conclusion: Resistance to aminoglycosides is present among E. coli isolates in Brazil, but to a lesser extent in environmental isolates. Besides, AMEs are frequent in CI isolates, and surveillance for antimicrobial resistance should be implemented to monitor aminoglycoside-resistant E. coli infections.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Escherichia coli se encuentra en diversos ambientes y causa enfermedades humanas. Los aminoglucósidos son antimicrobianos que presentan actividad contra especies gramnegativas. Sin embargo, el uso indiscriminado de estos compuestos ha seleccionado microorganismos resistentes, principalmente debido a la producción de enzimas modificadoras de aminoglucósidos (AME).  Material y métodos: La concentración mínima inhibitoria de aminoglucósidos frente a aislados de E.coli clínicos (CI, n = 52) y de aguas residuales sanitarias (DS, n = 33) se determinó mediante el método de microdilución, según la European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. La presencia de AME se determinó con base en el perfil de susceptibilidad a amikacina, gentamicina, kanamicina y tobra-micina, según Mancini et al. (2019).  Resultados: 33,3% de los aislados de DS y 100% de los CI presentaron resistencia a amikacina, gentamicina o neomicina. Los aislados productores de enzimas betalactamasas de espectro extendido (23/27, 85%) mostraron resistencia a gentamicina y/o neomicina y la resistencia a amikacina se observó simultáneamente solo en CI. Todos los aislados de DS se consideraron wild type sin AME, mientras que las enzimas APH (3') (14/52) y AAC (3') (10/52) se detectaron entre CI, uno de los cuales produce APH (3') y AAC (6')-I simultáneamente.  Conclusión: La resistencia a los aminoglucósidos está presente entre los aislados de E. coli en Brasil, pero en menor grado en los aislados ambientales. Se debe implementar la vigilancia de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos para monitorear las infecciones por E. coli resistentes a los aminoglucósidos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[SUMÁRIO  Introdução:  Escherichia coli é encontrada em vários ambientes e causa doenças em humanos. Os aminoglicosídeos são antimicrobianos que exibem atividade contra espécies Gram-negativas. No entanto, o uso indiscriminado desses compostos tem selecionado microrganismos resistentes, principalmente devido à produção de enzimas modificadoras de aminoglicosídeos (EMA).  Material e métodos: A concentração inibitória mínima de aminoglicosídeos contra isolados de E. coli recuperadas de amostras clínicas (IC, n=52) e de águas residuais sanitárias (AR, n=33) foi determinada pelo método de microdiluição, de acordo com o European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. A presença de EMA foi determinada com base no perfil de suscetibilidade à amicacina, gentamicina, canamicina e tobramicina, de acordo com Mancini et al. (2019).  Resultados: 33,3% dos ARS e 100% dos ICs apresentaram resistência à amicacina, gentamicina ou neomicina. Os isolados produtores de enzima beta-lactamase de espectro estendido (23/27, 85%) mostraram resistência à gentamicina e/ou neomicina e resistência à amicacina foi observada simultaneamente apenas em um IC. Todos os ARs foram considerados de tipo selvagem sem EMA, enquanto as enzimas APH (3') (14/52) e AAC (3') (10/52) foram detectadas entre os ICs, um dos quais produz APH (3') e AAC (6')-I simultaneamente.  Conclusão: A resistência aos aminoglicosídeos está presente entre isolados clínicos de E. coli no Brasil, mas em menor grau em isolados ambientais. Assim a vigilância da resistência antimicrobiana deve ser implementada para monitorar infecções por E. coli resistentes aos aminoglicosídeos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antimicrobial resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[aminoglycoside]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resistencia a los antimicrobianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aminoglucósidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enzimas modificadoras de aminoglucósidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brasil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Resistência aos antimicrobianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aminoglicosídeos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[enzimas modificadoras de aminoglicosídeos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Brasil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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