<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7434</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7434</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Federación Colombiana de Obstetricia y GinecologíaRevista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-74342021000100033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18597/rcog.3520</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia a un año de deseo sexual hipoactivo en mujeres que planifican con implante subdérmico de levonorgestrel. Estudio de cohorte. Armenia, Colombia, 2014-2019]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[One-year incidence of low libido in women using levonorgestrel subdermal implant as contraception. Cohort study. Armenia, Colombia, 2014-2019.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espitia-De La Hoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franklin José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Sexológica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Armenia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>42</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-74342021000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-74342021000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-74342021000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Objetivo: Definir la incidencia de deseo sexual hipoactivo (DSH) en mujeres que planifican con el implante subdérmico de levonorgestrel (LNG) después de 12 meses, y conocer otros efectos adversos.  Materiales y métodos: Estudio de cohorte, cuyas participantes fueron mujeres mayores de 18 años sin hijos ni embarazos previos y con pareja estable, a quienes se les había insertado el implante de LNG al menos tres meses previos en una clínica privada de carácter universitario en Armenia (Quindío), Colombia, entre 2014 y 2019. Se excluyeron mujeres con antecedentes de disfunción sexual, infecciones de transmisión sexual en los últimos 6 meses, peso mayor a 89 Kg y dificultades para el seguimiento. El muestreo fue consecutivo. Se describieron las características de la población estudiada, se estimó la incidencia acumulada de DSH y efectos adversos relacionados con el implante subdérmico de LNG  Resultados: Participaron 238 mujeres cuya edad media fue de 24,69 (DE ± 5,82) años. Se determinó una incidencia de deseo sexual hipoactivo del 18,82%. El 60,25% de las mujeres fueron diagnosticadas con DHS en los primeros 6 meses de seguimiento. Los efectos adversos se hicieron presentes desde los primeros 3 meses de la inserción del implante, el sangrado irregular (62,34%) fue el más frecuente, seguido de la amenorrea (38,91%) y el aumento de peso (33,89%).  Conclusiones: Es importante que los médicos y las usuarias se informen sobre la presencia del trastorno de deseo sexual hipoactivo y los efectos adversos que pueden surgir con el uso del implante subdérmico de levonorgestrel. Las futuras investigaciones deben confirmar estos hallazgos, así como su eventual base fisiológica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Objective: To determine the incidence of low libido in women using the levonorgestrel (LNG) sub-dermal implant for contraception after 12 months and to identify other adverse effects.  Materials and methods: Cohort study that included women over the age of 18, with no children or prior gestations and in a stable relationship, with an LNG implant inserted at least three months before in a private teaching hospital in Armenia (Quindío), Colombia, between 2014 and 2019. Women with a history of sexual dysfunction, sexually transmitted infections in the past six months, weighing more than 89 kg and difficult to follow were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used. The characteristics of the study population were described, the cumulative incidence of low libido and the adverse effects related to the LNG sub-dermal implant after 12 months of follow-up were estimated. The tool used was the Female Sexual Dysfunction Index (FSFI). Descriptive statistics were applied.  Results: The participants were 238 women with a mean age of 24.69 (SD ± 5.82) years. An 18.82% incidence of low libido was found. In 60.25% of the women were diagnosed with low libido in the first 6 months of follow-up. Adverse effects manifested as early as 3 months after the insertion of the implant, the most frequent being irregular bleeding (62.34%), followed by amenorrhea (38.91%) and weight gain (33.89%).  Conclusions: It is important for practitioners and users to become aware of the presence of low libido disorder and the adverse events that may occur with the use of the levonorgestrel subdermal implant. Future research is required to confirm these findings and the underlying physiological cause.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anticonceptivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disfunciones sexuales fisiológicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mujeres]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[servicios de planificación familiar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[levonorgestrel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Contraceptives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[physiological sexual dysfunctions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[women]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[family planning services]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[levonorgestrel]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clayton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeRogatis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health (ISSWSH) Expert Consensus Panel Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mayo Clin Proc]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>114-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shifren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BU]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segreti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johannes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sexual Problems and Distress in United States Women: Prevalence and Correlates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>970-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espitia-De La Hoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and characterisation of sexual dysfunctions in women, in 12 Colombian cities, 2009-2016]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Obstet Ginec]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dennerstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bennett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koochaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiblum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graziottin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between hypoactive sexual desire disorder and aging]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fertil Steril]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>107-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D'Aloisio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalsbeek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borisov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of low sexual desire and hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a nationally representative sample of US women]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>168</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>1441-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valadares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scanavino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afif-Abdo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a population-based study of Brazilian women: associated factors classified according to their importance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Menopause]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1114-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clayton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldfischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derogatis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewis-D'Agostino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pyke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of the decreased sexual desire screener (DSDS): a brief diagnostic instrument for generalized acquired female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sex Med]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>730-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sills]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wunderlich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pyke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segraves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiblum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clayton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F): item response analyses of data from women diagnosed with hypoactive sexual desire disorder]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sex Med]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>801-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiblum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shabsigh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): a multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sex Marital Ther]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>191-208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of female sexual dysfunction: review of validated methods]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fertil Steril]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>^s4</numero>
<issue>^s4</issue>
<supplement>4</supplement>
<page-range>S89-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vallejo-Medina P Pérez-Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra-Roa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Translation, Adaptation, and Preliminary Validation of the Female Sexual Function Index into Spanish (Colombia)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Sex Behav]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>797-810</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Herrezuelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hita-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Amat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aibar-Almazán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wangensteen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The female sexual function index: reliability and validity in Spanish postmenopausal women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Menopause]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>401-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casado-Espada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Alarcón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de la Iglesia-Larrad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bote-Bonaechea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hormonal Contraceptives, Female Sexual Dysfunction, and Managing Strategies: A Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>908</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espitia-De La Hoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educación y asesoramiento sexual para hombres y mujeres]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<edition>Primera edición</edition>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-100</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Nomos S.A]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espitia-De La Hoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orozco-Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alteration of the sexual response cycle in women using combined oral contraceptives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Uninorte. Barranquilla (Col.)]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>430-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjelica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kapamadzija]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maticki-Sekulic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hormones and female sexuality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med. Pregl]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>9-10</numero>
<issue>9-10</issue>
<page-range>446-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bancroft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A prospective study of the effects of oral contraceptives on sexuality and well-being and their relationship to discontinuation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>51-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guilbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costescu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher W Kives]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[No. 329-Canadian Contraception Consensus Part 4 of 4 Chapter 9: Combined Hormonal Contraception]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Canada]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>229-68.eS</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jozkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hormonal contraception and female pain, orgasm and sexual pleasure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Sex. Med]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>462-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacLaughlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faubion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of Contraception on Female Sexual Function]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Women's Heal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>207-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chmel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of combined oral contraceptives on female sexual desire: a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boozalis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tutlam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chrisman Robbins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peipert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sexual Desire and Hormonal Contraception]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>563-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The levonorgestrel two-rod implant for long-acting contraception: 10 years of clinical experience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>24-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Committee on Practice Bulletins-Gynecology, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Work Group</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Practice Bulletin No. 186: Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: Implants and Intrauterine Devices]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>e251-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ranta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishell Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Levonorgestrel concentrations during 7 years of continuous use of Jadelle contraceptive implants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>43-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Critchley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Au]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Affandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immunohistochemical sex steroid receptor distribution in endometrium from long-term subdermal levonorgestrel users and during the normal menstrual cycle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hum Reprod]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1632-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety of implantable contraceptives for women: data from observational studies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>85-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risks and benefits, advantages and disadvantages of levonorgestrel-releasing contraceptive implants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Drug Saf]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>303-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aisien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contraception with levonorgestrel subder-mal implants (Norplant) in Benin-City, Nigeria: a 12-year review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Afr J Reprod Health]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>90-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faundes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cochon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Non-menstrual adverse events during use of implantable contraceptives for women: data from clinical trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>63-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hickey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[d'Arcangues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vaginal bleeding disturbances and implantable contraceptives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>75-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiitinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Affandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brache V Croxatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Norplant consensus statement and background review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Affandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An integrated analysis of vaginal bleeding patterns in clinical trials of Implanon]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>995-1075</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contraception with NORPLANT® implants, Human Reproduction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1818-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valuck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDougall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparative study of one-year weight gain among users of medroxyprogesterone acetate, levonorgestrel implants, and oral contraceptives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>215-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cullins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blumenthal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Remsburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huggins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preliminary experience with Norplant in an inner city population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>193-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishell Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darney P Wan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contraception with two levonorgestrel rod implants. A 5-year study in the United States and Dominican Republic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contraception]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>275-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
