<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0011</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Facultad de Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[rev.fac.med.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0011</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-00112021000400207</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/revfacmed.v69n4.86227</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Decline in empathy levels and sex differences in medical students from the Caribbean]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Declinación empática y diferencias según el sexo en estudiantes de medicina del Caribe]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugenia Smirna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Vetri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Calzadilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calzadilla-Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aracelis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Narváez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor Patricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central del Este  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro de Macorís ]]></addr-line>
<country>Dominican Republic</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santo Domingo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Dominican Republic</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago Metropolitan Region ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Bernardo OHiggins  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago Metropolitan Region ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Santo Tomás  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Concepción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Andres Bello  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago Metropolitan Region ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-00112021000400207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-00112021000400207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-00112021000400207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Empathy is an important trait in the training of medical students, as it has been shown that it improves the doctor-patient relationship.  Objective: To evaluate the decline of empathy levels and possible sex differences in undergraduate medical students from the Universidad Central del Este, Dominican Republic.  Materials and methods: Exploratory cross-sectional study. A Spanish version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Medical Students (S-version) Scale was administered in September 2018 to 1 144 1st-year to 5th-year medical students (887 women and 257 men). Data reliability was verified using the Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A generalized linear equation model (Type III) was applied to analyze data and the Wald chi-squared test was used to determine differences in overall empathy levels and the mean scores obtained in each of its three components based on the year of medical training and sex.  Results: Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory (0.839), and the ICC was 0.834 (F=5.68; p=0.005). The variability of the estimated curves in relation to empathic behavior by course (year of medical training) and sex was observed using linear and non-linear regression equations: Wald x2=115.6, p=0.0001 between courses; and Wald x2 =12.85, p=0.001 between men and women.  Conclusions: Sex differences were observed regarding empathy levels in the study population. Moreover, a decline in empathy levels (overall empathy and Compassionate Care component in men and Walking in the Patient's Shoes component in men and women) was also observed as students progressed in their medical training. The behavior of these data raises questions regarding the need to determine the factors causing these differences and the decline in empathy levels.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción. La empatia es un rasgo importante en los estudiantes de medicina, ya que se ha demostrado que mejora la relación médico-paciente.  Objetivo. Evaluar la declinación empática y las posibles diferencias según el sexo en los niveles de empatia en estudiantes de pregrado de Medicina en la Universidad Central del Este, República Dominicana.  Materiales y métodos. Estudio exploratorio transversal. La versión en español de la Escala de Empatia de Jefferson adaptada para estudiantes de medicina (versión S) fue aplicada a 1 144 estudiantes de medicina de 1° a 5° año (887 mujeres y 257 hombres). La confiabilidad de los datos se verificó mediante el alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI). Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo de ecuación lineal generalizada (Tipo III) y se utilizó la prueba x2 de Wald para determinar las diferencias en los niveles globales de empatia y los puntajes promedio de sus tres componentes según el año de formación y el sexo.  Resultados. El alfa de Cronbach fue satisfactorio (0.839) y el CCI fue de 0.834 (F=5.68; p=0.005). Mediante ecuaciones de regresión lineal y no lineal se observó variabilidad de las curvas estimadas en relación con el comportamiento empático según el curso (año de formación médica) y el sexo: entre cursos: x2 de Wald= 115.6; p=0.000i, y entre hombres y mujeres: x2 de Wald= 12.85; p=0.001).  Conclusiones. Se observaron diferencias en los niveles de empatia según el sexo; también se evidenció una declinación en los niveles de empatia (empatia global y componente Cuidado con compasión en los hombres, y en el componente Ponerse en los zapatos del otro en hombres y mujeres) a medida que los estudiantes avanzaban en su formación. El comportamiento de estos datos genera interrogantes relacionados con la necesidad de determinar los factores que causan estas diferencias y dicha declinación empática.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Empathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Medicine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Students, Medical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sex]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dominican Republic (MeSH)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Empatia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estudiantes de Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sexo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[República Dominicana (DeCS)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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