<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0135</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cienc. Agr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0135</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Nariño]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-01352025000100006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22267/rcia.20254201.252</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Resistance of agricultural pests to synthetic insecticides in Colombia: A review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Resistencia de plagas agrícolas a insecticidas sintéticos en Colombia: Artículo de revisión]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pineda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tito]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Reggio Calabria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Reggio Calabria ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Tolima  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ibagué Tolima]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-01352025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-01352025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-01352025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The phenomenon of insecticide resistance is defined as the ability of insect populations to develop the capacity to survive doses of insecticides that would otherwise be lethal. This phenomenon can be attributed to the natural selection of individuals with genetic mutations that confer resistance. A comprehensive understanding of insecticide resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing novel control strategies within existing integrated pest management plans. In this context, this review examines the research conducted to characterize the resistance of agricultural pests (insects/mites) to insecticides/acaricides in Colombia. A search of relevant scientific literature was conducted using keywords in the databases. A literature review revealed that, according to reports from Colombia, there have been 27 documented instances of insecticide/acaricide resistance across 12 species. Conversely, the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD) indicates the existence of 98 reports of resistance to insecticides/acaricides distributed across 10 species. A single instance of acaricide resistance was identified in the respiratory target; all other cases demonstrated resistance to the nervous and muscular targets. In this review, we present the main results, which are focused on determining toxicity curves and calculating lethal concentrations. We highlight the research carried out in the last decade, which makes use of new molecular techniques and allows a more detailed view of the resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, we suggest novel methodologies that could be employed to improve current integrated pest management plans.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La resistencia a insecticidas es un fenómeno en el cual las poblaciones de insectos desarrollan la capacidad de sobrevivir a dosis de insecticidas que normalmente serían letales. Esto debido a la selección natural de individuos con mutaciones genéticas que les confieren la resistencia. El conocimiento de los mecanismos de resistencia a los insecticidas es indispensable para reformular las estrategias de control en los actuales planes de manejo integrado de plagas. En este contexto, esta revisión analizó las investigaciones que tuvieron como objetivo caracterizar la resistencia de plagas agrícolas (insectos/ácaros) a insecticidas/acaricidas en Colombia. Utilizamos palabras claves para realizar la búsqueda de todas las investigaciones científicas relacionadas en bases de datos. El análisis de la información demostró que, en Colombia, existen 27 reportes de resistencia a insecticidas/acaricidas distribuidos en 12 especies. Por otro lado, la base de datos sobre resistencia a plaguicidas de artrópodos (APRD) relata la existencia de 98 reportes distribuidos en 10 especies. Encontramos que únicamente existe un reporte de un acaricida resistente al modo de acción respiratorio. Los demás reportes presentan resistencia al modo de acción del sistema nervioso y muscular. En esta revisión presentamos los principales resultados que están enfocados en la determinación de curvas de toxicidad y cálculo de concentraciones letales. Destacamos las investigaciones realizadas en la última década, las cuales hacen uso de nuevas técnicas moleculares y permiten una visión detallada de los mecanismos de resistencia. Finalmente, planteamos algunas sugerencias para incluir metodologías novedosas que permitan mejorar los actuales planes de manejo integrado de plagas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chemical control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[crops pest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[insecticide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[integrated pest management]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[toxicology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[control químico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[insecticida, manejo integrado de plagas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[plagas de cultivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[toxicología]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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