<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0283</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Geología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. geol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0283</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-02832025000100043</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/revbol.v47n1-2025002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización litológica y bioestratigráfica de la Formación Toluviejo: aportes a la reconstrucción paleoambiental de las sucesiones carbonáticas del Eoceno en el norte de Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Lithologic and biostratigraphical characterization of the Toluviejo Formation: Contributions about the paleoenvironments of the Eocene carbonate platforms from northern Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patarroyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[German David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veloza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Bohórquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josué Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Stratos Consultoría Geológica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hocol S. A  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Florida International University Department of Earth and Environment ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Miami ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente trabajo busca entender las condiciones paleoambientales de la Formación Toluviejo (Cinturón Plegado de San Jacinto, Caribe colombiano). Para eso se presentan los resultados del análisis petrográfico de muestras de la sección El Hueso (Córdoba, Colombia), así como una valoración geoquímica de algunos elementos presentes en la roca (Sr, Ba, Fe, Ca, V, Cu, Al). Los análisis petrográficos muestran que la sucesión sedimentaria se conforma principalmente por calizas bioclásticas (grainstone), dominadas en su composición por macroforaminíferos (familias Nummulitidae, Lepidocyclinidae, Soritiidae y Discocyclinidae) y algas calcáreas, con un grado de diagénesis moderado a bajo en algunas muestras. El tipo de asociación fósil encontrada indica una edad de Eoceno medio (Luteciano tardío a Bartoniano), lo que va en concordancia con lo propuesto para otras secciones de dicha unidad. Por medio de la definición de petrofacies, se identifican al menos 3 grupos, donde varía la proporción de los macroforaminíferos y de las algas calcáreas, lo cual sugiere un ambiente de depósito asociado a una rampa carbonatada media. Si bien litológicamente la sección de El Hueso parece ser homogénea en su composición, tanto las variaciones que se observan en sus bioclastos principales como las relaciones geoquímicas de Fe/Ca y Sr/Ba sugieren cambios leves en las condiciones de energía, aporte de material terrígeno y paleosalinidad (probablemente ligado a variaciones eustáticas) en la parte basal de la sucesión. A su vez, el tipo de preservación observada en los bioclastos, así como la distribución de elementos sensibles a variaciones en la oxigenación de los sedimentos de fondo (V/Al, Cu/Al), sugiere condiciones paleoambientales de bajo estrés.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study aims to understand the paleoenvironmental conditions of the Toluviejo Formation (San Jacinto Fold Belt, Colombian Caribbean). To achieve this a petrographic analysis of the El Hueso section (Córdoba, Colombia), as well as a geochemical evaluation of some elements present in the rock (Sr, Ba, Fe, Ca, V, Cu, Al) were conducted. The petrographic analyses reveal that the sedimentary succession is mainly composed of bioclastic limestones (grainstone), dominated by large benthic foraminifers (families Nummulitidae, Lepidocyclinidae, Soritiidae, and Discocyclinidae), and calcareous algae, with a moderate to low degree of diagenesis in some samples. The foraminiferal assemblages indicate a middle Eocene (Late Lutetian to Bartonian) age, which agrees with age definitions for other sections of this unit. Petrofacial analysis identifies 3 groups based on variations in the proportions of large benthic foraminifers and calcareous algae, indicative of a middle carbonate ramp. Although the lithology and composition of the El Hueso section are generally homogeneous, the variations in its main bioclasts, as well as the Fe/Ca and Sr/Ba geochemical ratios, suggest minor changes in the energy conditions, terrigenous input, and paleosalinity (probably linked to eustatic variations) for the basal part of the succession. Furthermore, the degree of bioclast preservation and the distribution of elements sensitive to bottom water oxygenation variations (V/Al, Cu/ Al) indicate low-stress paleoenvironmental conditions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carbonatos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cinturón Plegado de San Jacinto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Geoquímica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paleoambientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paleógeno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Petrografía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carbonates]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[San Jacinto Fold Belt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geochemistry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paleoenvironments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paleogene]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Petrography]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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