<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0283</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Geología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. geol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0283</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-02832025000300097</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/revbol.v47n3-2025005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de anomalías mono- y multielementales mediante el análisis geoquímico en el proyecto La Equis (Chocó - Colombia)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determination of mono- and multielement anomalies through geochemical analyses at La Equis project (Chocó - Colombia)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerrón-Sarcco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John Franklin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Facultad de Ingeniería Geológica, Minera, Metalúrgica y Geográfica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>97</fpage>
<lpage>119</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000300097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000300097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-02832025000300097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El proyecto La Equis se localiza en el departamento del Chocó (Colombia) y forma parte de la Franja Metalogenética del Batolito de Mandé-Acandí del Paleoceno-Eoceno, reconocida por albergar depósitos minerales tipo pórfido de Cu±Mo y epitermales (Au±Ag±Pb±Zn±Cu). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar anomalías geoquímicas mono- y multielementales que permitan delimitar zonas de interés para la exploración minera. Para ello, se utilizaron resultados geoquímicos de ensayos ICP-MS y al fuego de 253 muestras de roca de superficie y subterráneos, que fueron procesados usando análisis estadísticos univariables, bivariables (correlación de Spearman) y multivariables (Análisis de Componentes Principales, PCA), así como la interpolación geoestadística por kriging ordinario para determinar la distribución espacial de los elementos de interés económico (Au, Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb), elementos guía (As, Sb, Tl, Bi, Te, Se, entre otros) y los 3 principales PCA's que explican el 65,2 % de la varianza total de datos. Estos resultados se integraron en el perfil geoquímico AA' y se definieron los siguientes sectores de interés para exploración en el proyecto: 1) sectores mineros de Progreso y Capotero, ubicados al suroeste, catalogados históricamente como evento epitermal de intermedia sulfuración con la correlación multielemental Pb-Au-Ag-Cd-Zn-Hg-As-Sb-Mo-Tl-(Rb, Cu) y parte de las anomalías de Mn o Te. 2) Sector anómalo 1 ubicado en la zona central, que presenta las correlaciones multielementales Se-Te-Bi-S-(Mo) y Cr-Ni-Cu-Co-S-(Te, Bi, Se, Fe), rodeadas por anomalías de Mn o As, las cuales indican que es un sector clave para exploración por los elementos guía típicos en eventos tipo pórfido de Cu±Mo. Y 3) Sector anómalo 2, ubicado al noreste, y que presenta la misma correlación multielemental de los sectores mineros de Progreso y Capotero, lo cual permite inferir que es parte de otro evento epitermal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The La Equis project is located in the Chocó, department of Colombia, and lies within the Paleocene-Eocene Mandé-Acandí Batholith Metallogenic Belt, recognized for hosting porphyry-type (Cu±Mo) and epithermal-type (Au±Ag±Pb±Zn±Cu) mineral deposits. This study aimed to identify mono- and multielement geochemical anomalies to delineate areas of interest for mineral exploration. A total of 253 rock samples from surface and underground were analyzed using ICP-MS and fire assay techniques. The geochemical data were processed using univariate, bivariate (Spearman correlation), and multivariate (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) statistical methods, as well as ordinary kriging for geostatistical interpolation to determine the spatial distribution of economically significant elements (Au, Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb), pathfinder elements (As, Sb, Tl, Bi, Te, Se, among others), and the first three PCA components (65.2% of the total variance). These results were integrated into a geochemical cross-section (profile AA'), which identified the following anomalous sectors of interested for mineral exploration within the project area: 1) The Progreso and Capotero mining sectors in the southwest, historically classified as intermediate-sulfidation epithermal systems, characterized by the multielement association Pb-Au-Ag-Cd-Zn-Hg-As-Sb-Mo-Tl-(Rb, Cu) and partial Mn or Te anomalies; 2) Anomalous sector 1, located in the central area, defined by the associations Se-Te-Bi-S-(Mo) and Cr-Ni-Cu-Co-S-(Te, Bi, Se, Fe), surrounded by Mn and As anomalies, indicating the relationship of pathfinder elements suggesting potential for exploration of a porphyry Cu±Mo event; and 3) Anomalous sector 2 in the northeast, exhibiting a similar multielement signature to the Progreso-Capotero sector, indicating the possibility of a second epithermal event.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anomalía geoquímica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Batolito de Mandé-Acandí]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Epitermal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pórfido de Cu±Mo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geochemical anomalies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mandé-Acandí Batholith]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Epithermal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Porphyry Cu±Mo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Informe preliminar sobre geoquímica de la Cordillera Occidental]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INGEOMINAS, Informe interno]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación del prospecto de cobre y molibdeno en las cabeceras del río Muerto, municipio de Acandí, departamento del Chocó. INGEOMINAS y Naciones Unidas, Informe interno 1799]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tisil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Proyecto Mande Fase II: Prospección en detalle para minerales preciosos en la cuenca del río Icho, Cordillera Occidental, Departamento del Chocó]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Medellín, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buchanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Precious metal deposits associated with volcanic environments in the Southwest]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arizona Geological Society Digest]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>237-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buchely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ó.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Realización de la cartografía geológica y muestreo geoquímico en las planchas 144, 145, 128, 129, 113 y 114 (1580 km²)]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>163</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INGEOMINAS &amp; GRP Ltda]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geología y geoquímica de la plancha 165, Carmen de Atrato]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INGEOMINAS, Informe 1987]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echeverri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Paleogene arcs of the northern Andes of Colombia and Panama: Insights on plate kinematic implications from new and existing geochemical, geochronological and isotopic data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tectonophysics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>749</numero>
<issue>749</issue>
<page-range>88-103</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cediel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cáceres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tectonic assembly of the Northern Andean Block]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartolini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buffler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blickwede]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Circum-Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean: Hydrocarbon habitats, basin formation, and plate tectonics]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>815-48</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[AAPG Memoir 79]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clarke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The trace element geochemistry of vein material in Epithermal Systems: Significance for Exploration]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 11New Zealand Geothermal Workshop]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Auckland, New Zealand </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Colombian Mineral Resources Inc</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reestructuración técnica y económica del &#8220;Proyecto La Equis&#8221;. Reporte interno]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lithocaps - characteristics, origins and significance for porphyry and epithermal exploration]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 14tBiennial SGA Meeting]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Quebec, Canada </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Informe técnico sobre la región de La Equis y cerro del Capote, estudio de los afloramientos encontrados]]></source>
<year>1953</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quibdó-Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Minas y Petróleo, Laboratorio Nacional de Fundición y Ensayos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whistler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mather]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guachamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chafla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Easterday]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leighton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aravena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miñano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beeson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheerin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Application of Geologic Mapping, Core Logging, and 3-D Geoscientific Data Integration in the Exploration and Resource Expansion of Porphyry Copper-(Gold) Deposits: Examples from Recent Discoveries in Ecuador and Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SEG Discovery]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<numero>131</numero>
<issue>131</issue>
<page-range>13-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nivia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diederix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa geológico de Colombia 2015. Escala 1:1.000.000]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Servicio Geológico Colombiano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa geológico del Departamento de Antioquia. Escala 1:400.000. Memoria Explicativa]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>232</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santa Fe de Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INGEOMINAS, Informe 2199]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dilles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tosdal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Footprints: Hydrothermal alteration and geochemical dispersion around porphyry copper deposits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SEG Discovery]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>100</numero>
<issue>100</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal-Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phanerozoic gold metallogeny in the Colombian Andes: a tectono-magmatic approach]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universitat de Barcelona]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sobel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glodny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monsalve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo- Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transition from collisional to subduction-related regimes: an example from Neogene Panama-Nazca-South-America interactions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tectonics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>119-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Long]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Production and reserves of Cordilleran (Alaska to Chile) porphyry copper deposits]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pierce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Porphyry copper deposits of the American Cordillera]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<page-range>35-68</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Arizona Geological Society]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Isaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal-Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luengas-Burgos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez-Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celada-Arango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sepúlveda-Ospina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prieto-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Casallas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa Metalogénico de Colombia: Principios, conceptos y modelos de depósito y manifestaciones u ocurrencias minerales para Colombia]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prospección geológica y geoquímica regional en el área de Mande, Fase II. Informe final. Subdirección de recursos del subsuelo. Proyecto de exploración y evaluación de recursos minerales]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de investigación e información geo científica minero-ambiental y nuclear (INGEOMINAS)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudio geológico de un yacimiento de Pb-Zn en el paraje La X - Tutunendo (Chocó)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín de Geología]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>34</numero>
<issue>34</issue>
<page-range>69-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Ángel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Middle Miocene closure of the Central American Seaway]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>348</volume>
<numero>6231</numero>
<issue>6231</issue>
<page-range>226-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geología de la Plancha 185, Bagadó. Informe inédito]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>64p</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INGEOMINAS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Redwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cabrasco-Comita Porphyry Copper Project, Department of Choco, Republic of Colombia. NI 43-101 Technical Report for Rugby Mining Limited. Suite 1660, 999 West Hastings Street Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 2W2]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Canada ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tistl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Complejo Santa Cecilia - La Equis: Evolución y acreción de un arco magmático en el norte de la Cordillera Occidental, Colombia]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Simposio de Magmatismo Andino y su Marco Tectónico]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Manizales, Colombia </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Güiza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Caracterización de unidades litogeoquímicas de la cordillera occidental, plancha 165, Carmen de Atrato. Fase I]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (INGEOMINAS)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sepúlveda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Equis Project. Internal report of Colombian Minera Resources S.A.S]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal-Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melgarejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Draper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phanerozoic Metallogeny in the Colombian Andes: A Tectono-magmatic Analysis in Space and Time]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cediel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geology and tectonics of Northwestern South America]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>411-549</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sillitoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shafiqullah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escovar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Setting, characteristics, and age of the Andean porphyry copper belt in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Geology]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1837-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sillitoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perelló]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Andean copper province: tectonomagmatic settings, deposit types, metallogeny, exploration, and discovery]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hedenquist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldfarb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[One hundredth anniversary volume]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<page-range>845-90</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Society of Economic Geologists]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spearman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The proof and measurement of association between two things]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Journal of Psychology]]></source>
<year>1904</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>72-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New contributions to the knowledge about the Chocó- Panamá Arc in Colombia, including a new segment south of Colombia]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateus-Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Geology of Colombia]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>417-50</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Servicio Geológico Colombiano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zappettini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prieto-Rincón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amezcua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Tapia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sepúlveda-Ospina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celada- Arango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cazañas-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres- Zafra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobiella-Reguera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zurcher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mérida-Montiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarruk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa metalogenético de América Central y el Caribe 1:4.000.000. Memoria explicativa. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
