<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0283</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Geología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. geol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0283</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-02832026000100033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/revbol.v48n1-2026002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización petrográfica, mineralógica y geoquímica de elementos traza en esfaleritas del municipio de Chiquinquirá, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Petrographic, Mineralogical, and Geochemical Characterization of Trace Elements in Sphalerites from the Municipality of Chiquinquirá, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peralta-Lozada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valentina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nitescu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bogdan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Los Andes Departamento de Geociencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>52</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-02832026000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-02832026000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-02832026000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El aumento en la demanda sobre metales considerados críticos por numerosos países, tales como el galio (Ga), germanio (Ge) e indio (In), para el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, ha generado el resurgimiento del interés sobre los yacimientos de zinc (Zn) y plomo (Pb) que corresponden a la mayor fuente de estos metales encontrados en depósitos Mississippi Valley Type (MVT), cuyo principal mineral alojante es la esfalerita. Las unidades cretácicas de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia se presentan como el escenario propicio para la formación de estos depósitos, ya que cuentan con las características geológicas que favorecen su formación y coinciden cronológicamente con los eventos principales que dieron lugar a la mayoría de los depósitos MVT conocidos alrededor del mundo. La ocurrencia mineral de esfalerita ubicada sobre la vereda Caldas, en el municipio de Chiquinquirá, Boyacá, se sometió a una caracterización petrográfica y mineralógica con el fin de determinar la relación de dichos elementos críticos con este tipo de mineralizaciones. Se encontraron concentraciones destacables de Ga, Ge e In, alojadas en medio de estos sulfuros, los cuales se emplazan en medio de estas unidades cretácicas compuestas principalmente por rocas sedimentarias clásticas y localmente calcáreas. El origen de estos fluidos mineralizantes se da principalmente por la migración de aguas connatas ricas en metales lixiviados de rocas meteorizadas que son posteriormente sometidas a ambientes reductores que generan la precipitación de sulfuros como esfalerita y calcopirita. Los resultados obtenidos permiten atestiguar la potencialidad de este escenario geológico para albergar este tipo de elementos económicos de interés, lo cual se podría convertir en un indicador geológico que expanda la exploración de estos metales a una escala más regional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The increased demand for metals considered critical by numerous countries, such as gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), and indium (In) for the development of new technologies, has generated a resurgence of interest in zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) deposits. Such deposits are the largest source of these metals and are typically found in MVT environments, where the main host mineral is sphalerite. The Cretaceous units of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia present an ideal setting for the formation of these deposits, as they have the geological characteristics that favor their formation and coincide chronologically with the main events that led to the formation of most known Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) deposits around the world. The occurrence of sphalerite located in Vereda Caldas in the municipality of Chiquinquirá, Boyacá was characterized petrographically and mineralogically to determine the relationship of these critical elements with this type of mineralization. Significant concentrations of Ga, Ge, and In were found hosted within these sulfides, which are emplaced within Cretaceous units mainly composed of clastic and locally calcareous sedimentary rocks. The origin of the mineralizing fluids is primarily related to the migration of connate waters rich in metals leached from weathered rocks, which are subsequently subjected to reducing environments that generate the precipitation of sulfides such as sphalerite and chalcopyrite. The results obtained confirm the potential of this geological environment for hosting elements of economic interest, which could become a geological indicator that favors the expansion of exploration of these metals on a regional scale.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metales críticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Galio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Germanio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Indio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depósitos MVT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Esfalerita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Critical metals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gallium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Germanium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Indium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[MVT deposits]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sphalerite]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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