<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0534</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[rev.latinoam.psicol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0534</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-05342023000100083</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14349/rlp.2023.v55.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale: Factor validation during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad, y Estrés: validez factorial durante el primer confinamiento por COVID-19 en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aarón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argumedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Alcaraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras-Manzano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jáuregui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Institute of Public Health  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centre for Nutrition and Health  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Institute of Public Health  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<fpage>83</fpage>
<lpage>90</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-05342023000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-05342023000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-05342023000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Globally, mental health problems have affected nearly 1 billion people and approximately 1 in 10 Mexicans. The detection and surveillance of depression, anxiety, and stress in Mexico requires more reliable and valid instruments.  Objective: To determine the factor validity and internal consistency of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) in a non-probabilistic national sample of Mexican adults.  Method: Cross-sectional study by means of an online survey of 1 613 Mexican adults aged 18 years and older. The Spanish version of the DASS-21 was used, which evaluates the presence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress. Factor validity was determined by comparing different confirmatory factor analysis models: one-dimensional, three factors (correlated and non-correlated), second order, and bifactor.  Results: The application of the bifactor model to the DASS 21, supports its validity for identifying the presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as an altered general emotional state in a sample of Mexican adults.  Conclusions:  The DASS-21 is a theoretically robust instrument useful for research and clinical practice.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: A nivel global los problemas de salud mental han alcanzado a cerca de 1 billón de personas y aproximadamente a uno de cada diez mexicanos. La detección y vigilancia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en México demandan instrumentos más confiables y válidos.  Objetivo: Determinar la validez factorial y consistencia interna de la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS-21) en una muestra nacional no probabilística de adultos mexicanos.  Método: Estudio transversal por medio de una encuesta en línea entre 1 613 adultos me-xicanos de 18 años o más. Se utilizó la versión en español del DASS-21 que evalúa la presencia de síntomas depresivos, ansiedad y estrés. La validez factorial se determinó mediante la comparación de distintos modelos del análisis factorial confirmatorio: unidimensional; tres factores (correlacionados y no), de segundo orden, y bifactor.  Resultados: La aplicación del modelo bifactor al DASS-21 sustenta su validez para identificar la presencia de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, así como de un estado general emocional alterado en una muestra de adultos mexicanos.  Conclusiones: El DASS-21 es un instrumento teóricamente robusto útil para la investigación y la práctica clínica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Factor analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychological stress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mental health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[DASS-21]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Análisis factorial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrés psicológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ansiedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud mental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[DASS-21]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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