<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902016000300159</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v29n3a01</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Physiology, cell dynamics of small intestinal mucosa, and performance of broiler chickens under heat stress: a review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fisiología, dinámica celular de la mucosa del intestino delgado y rendimiento de pollos engorde sometidos a estrés calórico: revisión de literatura]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fisiologia, dinâmica celular da mucosa do intestino delgado e desempenho de frangos de corte submetidos ao estresse pelo calor: revisão de literatura]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristiane FP]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Café]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcos B]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugênio G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mara RBM]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Franca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Franca]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Goiás Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Goiânia]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Uberlândia . Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Uberlândia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>159</fpage>
<lpage>168</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902016000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902016000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902016000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary High room temperature reduces production efficiency of broiler chickens. Different factors contribute to this situation: fast growth, physiological variations, and changes in the small intestine mucosa. This review aims to define the concept of heat stress and its effects on several physiological aspects related to the development of the small intestine mucosa and the performance of broiler chickens. Heat stress triggers a corticosteroid increase and a circulating triiodothyronine hormone (T3) reduction, increases respiratory frequency, which triggers respiratory alkalosis, diminishes food intake, and leads to changes in the cellular dynamics of the small intestine mucosa. These changes depend on animal genotype, intensity, and duration of the stressor. Acute heat stress leads to a reduction in enterocyte proliferation and also to a decrease in crypt depth, without affecting villus height or villus/crypt ratio. On the other hand, chronic stress diminishes villus height and jejunum weight. These changes affect the capacity of broilers to digest and absorb the nutrients required for maintenance and production.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Una alta temperatura ambiente disminuye la eficiencia de la producción de pollos de engorde. Diversos factores contribuyen a esta situación: crecimiento rápido, cambios fisiológicos, y anomalías de la mucosa del intestino delgado. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue definir el concepto de estrés calórico y sus efectos sobre algunos aspectos de la fisiología, en el desarrollo de la mucosa del intestino delgado, y en el rendimiento de pollos de engorde. El estrés calórico desencadena un aumento de los niveles de corticosteroides, reducción de la hormona triyodotironina (T3) circulante, aumento en la frecuencia respiratoria que resulta en alcalosis respiratoria, disminuye la ingesta de alimentos y provoca cambios en la dinámica celular de la mucosa del intestino delgado. Estos cambios dependen del genotipo del animal y de la intensidad y duración de la acción del factor estresante. El estrés calórico agudo causa una disminución en la proliferación de enterocitos, reducción de la profundidad de las criptas sin cambio en la altura de las vellosidades y en la relación vellosidades/cripta. Ya el estrés crónico disminuye la altura de las vellosidades y el peso del yeyuno. Estos cambios afectan la capacidad del pollo de engorde para digerir y absorber los nutrientes para su mantenimiento y producción.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A temperatura ambiente elevada diminui a eficiência produtiva de frangos de corte. Diferentes fatores contribuem para esta situação: crescimento rápido, mudanças fisiológicas e alterações na mucosa do intestino delgado. Nesta revisão, o objetivo foi definir o conceito de estresse pelo calor e seus efeitos sobre algunos aspectos da fisiologia, no desenvolvimento da mucosa do intestino delgado e o desempenho de frangos de corte. O estresse pelo calor desencadeia aumento nos níveis de corticosteroides e redução do hormônio triiodotironina (T3) circulante, aumenta a frequência respiratória, resultando em alcalose respiratória, diminui a ingestão de alimentos e desencadeia alterações na dinâmica celular da mucosa do intestino delgado. Essas alterações dependem do genótipo do animal e da intensidade e duração da ação do agente estressor. O estresse pelo calor agudo promove diminuição na proliferação dos enterócitos, redução na profundidade das criptas sem alteração na altura das vilosidades e na relação vilo/cripta. Já o estresse crônico diminui a altura das vilosidades e peso do jejuno. Estas alterações afetam a capacidade do frango de corte de digerir e absorver nutrientes para sua manutenção e produção.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[corticosteroids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[enterocyte proliferation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gastrointestinal tract]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microscopic findings]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[morphological findings]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[corticoesteroides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hallazgos microscópicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hallazgos morfológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proliferación de enterocitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tracto gastrointestinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[achados microscópicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[achados morfológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[corticosteroide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[proliferação de enterócitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[trato gastrointestinal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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