<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902018000200130</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v31n2a06</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nitrate detoxification using antioxidants and probiotics in the water for rabbits]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Detoxificación de nitrato usando antioxidantes y probióticos en el agua para conejos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Detoxificação de nitrato usando antioxidantes e probióticos na água para coelhos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Youssef A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamid E]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abd El]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ismaiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ahmad M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria C]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Harthi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mohammed A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Naggar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Asmaa S]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Arid Land Agriculture Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Jeddah ]]></addr-line>
<country>Saudi Arabia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Damanhour University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Animal and Poultry Production]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Damanhour ]]></addr-line>
<country>Egypt</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Rio Verde Faculty of Veterinary Medicin ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rio Verde ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Rio Verde Faculty of Agronomy ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rio Verde ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>130</fpage>
<lpage>138</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000200130&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000200130&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000200130&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Agricultural practices increase groundwater pollution from nitrate. High nitrate intake could negatively affect animal growth.  Objective: To determine the effects of different levels of nitrate in drinking water on digestive, liver, and kidney functions, and on water and feed intake, and to determine the ability of vitamin C, vitamin E + selenium (Se) or probiotics to overcome the effects of nitrate in New Zealand White rabbit bucks.  Methods: Forty-two male rabbits were randomly distributed into six treatment groups: 1) control group (with no nitrate); 2) 350 ppm nitrate; 3) 700 ppm nitrate; 4) 700 ppm + 200 ppm vitamin C; 5) 700 ppm + 200 ppm vitamin E + Se; and 6) 700 ppm + 1000 ppm probiotic. Productive performance, digestive, liver, and kidney functions, and hepatic and renal histology were evaluated.  Results: Water intake was reduced (p&lt;0.05) by the 350 ppm nitrate treatment. Rabbits given 700 ppm nitrate showed lower (p&lt;0.05) dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, and increased (p&lt;0.05) water and nitrate intake, as well as urea concentration, and aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. Vitamin C, vitamin E + Se and probiotics improved (p&lt;0.05) feed intake and nutrient digestibility, and reduced (p&lt;0.05) water and nitrate intake, urea concentration, and AST and ALT activities.  Conclusion: Rabbits may tolerate up to 350 ppm of nitrate, but 700 ppm of nitrate negatively affect digestive, liver, and kidney functions, which are improved by vitamin C, vitamin E + Se and probiotic supplementation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: Las prácticas agrícolas aumentan la polución de aguas subterráneas con nitratos. Una alta ingestión de nitratos posiblemente afecta negativamente el crecimiento animal.  Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de diferentes niveles de nitrato en el agua de bebida sobre las funciones digestivas, hepáticas y renales, ingestión de agua y alimento, y determinar la habilidad de la vitamina C, vitamina E + Selenio (Se) o probióticos en superar los efectos del nitrato en conejos Nueva Zelanda Blanco.  Métodos: Cuarenta y dos conejos machos se distribuyeron al azar entre seis tratamientos: 1) grupo control (sin nitrato), 2) 350 ppm nitrato, 3) 700 ppm nitrato, 4) 700 ppm + 200 ppm vitamina C, 5) 700 ppm + 200 ppm vitamina E + Se, y 6) 700 ppm + 1000 ppm probiótico. Se evaluó el desempeño productivo, las funciones digestivas, hepáticas y renales, y la histología renal y hepática.  Resultados: La ingestión de 350 ppm de nitrato disminuyó (p&lt;0,05) la ingestión de agua. Los conejos que consumieron 700 ppm de nitrato presentaron menor (p&lt;0,05) ingestión de materia seca y digestibilidad de nutrientes, y mayor (p&lt;0,05) ingestión de agua y nitrato, concentración de urea, y mayores actividades de aspartato aminotransferasa (AST) y alanina aminotransferasa (ALT). Las vitaminas C, E + Se y el probiótico mejoraron (p&lt;0,05) el consumo de alimento y la digestibilidad de nutrientes, y redujeron (p&lt;0,05) la ingestión de agua y nitrato, la concentración de urea, y las actividades de AST y ALT.  Conclusión: Los conejos pueden tolerar hasta 350 ppm de nitrato, pero 700 ppm de nitrato afectan negativamente las funciones digestivas, hepáticas y renales, las cuales mejoran con la suplementación de vitamina C, vitamina E + Se y del probiótico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedentes: As práticas agrícolas aumentam a contaminação de águas subterrâneas a partir de nitrato e a alta ingestão desta substância pode afetar negativamente o crescimento animal.  Objetivo: Determinar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de nitrato na água de bebida sobre as funções digestivas, hepáticas e renais, ingestão de água e ração e determinar a habilidade da vitamina C, vitamina E + Selênio (Se) ou probiótico em sobrepor os efeitos do nitrato em coelhos Nova Zelândia Branco.  Métodos: Quarenta e dois coelhos machos foram distribuídos ao acaso em seis tratamentos: 1) grupo controle (sem nitrato), 2) 350 ppm de nitrato, 3) 700 ppm de nitrato, 4) 700 ppm + 200 ppm de vitamina C, 5) 700 ppm + 200 ppm vitamina E + Se e 6) 700 ppm + 1000 ppm de probiótico. Foram avaliados o desempenho produtivo, as funções digestivas, hepáticas e renais além da histologia hepática e renal.  Resultados: A ingestão de 350 ppm de nitrato diminuiu (p&lt;0,05) a ingestão de água. Coelhos que receberam 700 ppm de nitrato apresentaram menor (p&lt;0,05) ingestão de matéria seca, menor digestibilidade de nutrientes, e maior (p&lt;0,05) ingestão de água e de nitrato, maior concentração plasmática de ureia e maiores atividades de aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT). A adição de vitaminas C ou vitamina E + Se e probiótico melhorou (p&lt;0,05) o consumo de ração, a digestibilidade de nutrientes e reduziram (p&lt;0,05) a ingestão de água e de nitrato, a concentração de ureia e as atividades de AST e ALT.  Conclusão: Coelhos podem tolerar até 350 ppm de nitrato, mas 700 ppm de nitrato afeta negativamente as funções digestivas, hepáticas e renais, as quais são melhoradas a partir da suplementação de vitamina C, vitamina E + Se ou ainda probiótico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[additives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[animal nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water composition and quality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water purification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aditivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[composición y calidad del agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nutrición animal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[polución del agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[purificación del agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aditivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[composição e qualidade da agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[nutrição animal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[poluição da agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[purificação da água]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abd El-Khalek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Medany]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Response of doe rabbits to dietary antioxidant vitamins E and C during pregnancy and lactation]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 9World Rabbit Congress]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2008</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Verona, Italy </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>AOAC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Official methods of analysis of AOAC International]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<edition>17th</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Association of Official Analytical Chemists]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdalah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeweil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bovera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tag El-Din]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of inorganic or organic selenium supplementation on productive performance, egg quality and some physiological traits of dual purpose breeding hens]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Czech J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>505-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hassan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tag El-Din]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abou-Shehema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of ascorbic acid or increasing metabolizable energy level with or without supplementation of some essential amino acids on productive and physiological traits of slow-growing chicks exposed to chronic heat stress]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<month>a</month>
<volume>95</volume>
<page-range>744-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeweil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alsaffar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Shafy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of non- antibiotic feed additives as an alternative to flavomycin on broiler chickens production]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Geflügelkd]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>40-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Attia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abd El-Hamid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ismaiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Nagar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The detoxication of nitrate by two antioxidants or a probiotic and the effects on blood and seminal plasma profiles and reproductive function of NZW rabbit bucks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>591-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nolan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rupert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubrovsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrate in groundwater of the United States, 1991-2003]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environ Sci Technol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<page-range>4988-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LZ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JX]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antioxidative activity and protective effect of probiotics against high-fat diet-induced sperm damage in rats]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>287-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cockburn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brambilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arcella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bordajandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cottrill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Peteghem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrite in feed: From animal health to human health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol Appl Pharm]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>270</volume>
<page-range>209-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dokoupilova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marounek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skr&#780;ivanova&#780;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Br&#780;ezina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Selenium content in tissues and meat quality in rabbits fed selenium yeast]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Czech J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>165-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estatística básica]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Editora UFLA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lavras (MG)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villeneuve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Secours]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yagminas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tracy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uranyl nitrate: 91-day toxicity studies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[the New Zealand white rabbit]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>129-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grudzinski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Law]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FCP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Induction of cell death in the intestinal crypt of mice following oral administration of nitrate and nitrite.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<month>a</month>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>185-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grudzinski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Law]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FCP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrite-induced cell proliferation and polyamine synthesis in the small intestine of mice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bull Environ Contamin Toxicol]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>800-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gulmezoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tolay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Askin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in nitrate concentration of triticale forages (Triticosecale wittmack) at different growth stages by increasing nitrogen rates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Food Agric Environ]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>449-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hancock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrate toxicity. Circular 915]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The University of Georgia Cooperative Extension]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hord]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Food sources of nitrate and nitrites: The physiologic context for potential health benefits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koracevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koracevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Djordjevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrejevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cosic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Pathol]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<page-range>356-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kritas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petridou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fortomaris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tzika]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arsenos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koptopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Effect of inclusion of probiotics on micro- organisms content, health and performance of fattening rabbits: 1- Study in a commercial farm with intermediate health status]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 9World Rabbit Congress]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2008</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Verona, Italy </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schiffer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekblom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Checa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wheelock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nyström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weitzberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary nitrate reduces resting metabolic rate: A randomized, crossover study in humans]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Clin Nutr]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<page-range>843-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ndounla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pulgarin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the efficiency of the photo Fenton disinfection of natural drinking water source during the rainy season in the Sahelian region]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci Total Environ]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>496</volume>
<page-range>229-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pappenhagen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colorimetric determination of nitrates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anal Chem]]></source>
<year>1958</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>282-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrate and nitrite poisoning in livestock]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Primefact]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>415</volume>
<page-range>2007</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abd El-Khalek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Medany]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Response of growing rabbits to dietary antioxidant vitamins E and C. 1. Effect on performance]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 9World Rabbit Congress]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2008</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Verona, Italy </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bapna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A study of toxicological effects of high nitrate ingestion in rabbits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Biomed Sci and Res]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>439-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bapna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histopathological changes in the liver of rabbits exposed to high nitrate ingestion in drinking water]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Diagn Res]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>1552-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bapna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histopathological changes in kidneys of rabbits exposed to high nitrate ingestion in drinking water]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Anat Res]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>413-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shehata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nitrate detoxification of drinking water by ascorbic acid in growing rabbits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Rabbit Sci]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>93-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Soest]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of a comprehensive system of feed analysis and its application to forages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<page-range>119-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaoui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talibi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derouiche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aboussaouira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarrouck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chait]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Himmi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of nitrate intake in drinking water on the thyroid gland activity in male rat]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol Lett]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<page-range>27-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
