<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902018000300213</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v31n3a06</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In vitro rumen biohydrogenation kinetics of mixed linoleic and alfa-linolenic acids]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cinética de biohidrogenación ruminal in vitro de los ácidos linoleico y alfa-linolénico mezclados]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Cinética de biohidrogenação ruminal in vitro dos ácidos linoleico e alfa-linolênico misturados]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julián A C]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera-Angel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claúdio V D M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daza C]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Ciencias para la Producción Animal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal da Bahia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Salvador BA]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>213</fpage>
<lpage>222</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000300213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000300213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902018000300213&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Dietary linoleic (LA) and alpha-linolenic (LN) acids are extensively isomerized and hydrogenated by rumen microbes, and this activity can further contribute to the fatty acid profile of ruminant- derived food products.  Objective: To evaluate the effects of LA:LN ratio in lipid supplements on the rumen biohydrogenation kinetics of LA and LN, as well as on the trans-vaccenic acid (VA) production, using an in vitro system.  Methods: Rumen fluid was collected from a fistulated steer, diluted with incubation buffer, and then incubated with 500 mg of kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) supplemented with 16.3 mg of different LA:LN mixtures (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 or 0:100). Incubations were performed in triplicate for a period of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 16 hours. Differences between treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design. Alternatively, computational chemistry was used to determine the changes in the Gibbs free energy (&#916;Grxn) at 39 °C for the principal steps of LA and LN ruminal biohydrogenation.  Results: Partial replacement of LA by LN decreased the VA concentration and its accumulation rate; it also increased the stearic acid concentration and the rates of transfer from LA to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and from CLA to VA. The conversion from CLA to VA (&#916;Grxn = -2.65 kJ/mol) was more spontaneous than that from trans-11, cis-15 octadecadienoic acid (TA) to VA (&#916;Grxn = -0.29 kJ/mol).  Conclusion: The LA:LN ratio in lipids can modulate LA and LN biohydrogenation (BH) kinetics, as well as the VA production in the rumen.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: los ácidos linoleico (LA) y alfa-linolénico (LN) de la dieta son extensivamente isomerizados y biohidrogenados por los microorganismos ruminales, lo cual puede contribuir al perfil de ácidos grasos de los productos derivados de rumiantes.  Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la relación LA:LN en suplementos lipídicos sobre la cinética de biohidrogenación ruminal del LA y LN, como también sobre la producción del ácido trans-vaccénico (VA), usando un sistema in vitro.  Métodos:  se colectó fluido ruminal de un toro fistulado, el cual fue diluido con buffer de incubación y posteriormente incubado con 500 mg de pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) suplementado con 16,3 mg de diferentes mezclas de LA:LN (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, o 0:100). Las incubaciones fueron desarrolladas en triplicado durante 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 o 16 horas. Diferencias entre tratamientos fueron evaluadas mediante un modelo completamente al azar. Alternativamente, se determinaron los cambios en energía libre de Gibbs ( &#916; Grxn) a 39 °C para los pasos principales de la biohidrogenación del LA y LN, usando química computacional.  Resultados:  la sustitución parcial de LA por LN disminuyó la concentración de VA y su tasa de acumulación, como también incrementó la concentración de ácido esteárico y las tasas de transferencia de LA para ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y de CLA para VA. La conversión de CLA para VA ( &#916; Grxn = -2,65 kJ/mol) fue más espontánea que la conversión del ácido trans-11, cis-15 octadecadienóico (TA) para VA ( &#916; Grxn = -0,29 kJ/mol).  Conclusiones: la relación LA:LN en lípidos puede modular la cinética de biohidrogenación (BH) del LA y LN y la producción de VA en el rumen.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedêntes: o ácido linoleico (LA) e alfa-linolênico (LN) da dieta, são extensivamente isomerizados e biohidrogenados pelos microorganismos do rúmen, o que pode contribuir ao perfil de ácidos graxos dos produtos derivados de ruminantes.  Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da relação LA:LN em suplementos lipídicos sobre a cinética de biohidrogenação ruminal do LA e LN como também sobre a produção do ácido trans- vaccênico (VA), utilizando um sistema in vitro.  Métodos: coletou-se fluido ruminal de um novilho fistulado, o qual foi diluído com tampão de incubação e, em seguida, incubado com 500 mg de pasto kikuyu (Cenchrus clandestinus) suplementado com 16,3 mg de diferentes misturas LA:LN (100:0, 75:25 , 50:50, 25:75 ou 0:100). As incubações foram desenvolvidas em triplicata, durante 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 ou 16 horas. Diferenças entre tratamentos foram avaliadas utilizando-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Alternativamente, foram determinadas as mudanças em energia livre de Gibbs ( &#916; Grxn) a 39 °C para as principais etapas da biohidrogenação do LA e LN, utilizando-se química computacional.  Resultados: a substituição parcial de LA por LN diminuiu a concentração de VA e sua taxa de acumulação, como também aumentou a concentração de ácido esteárico e as taxas de transferência do LA para o ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) e do CLA para VA. A conversão do CLA para VA ( &#916; Grxn = -2,65 kJ/ mol) foi mais espontânea que a conversão do ácido trans-11, cis-15 octadecadienóico (TA) para VA ( &#916; Grxn = -0,29 kJ/mol).  Conclusões: a relação LA:LN em lipídeos pode modular a cinética de biohidrogenação (BH) do LA e LN e a produção de VA no rúmen.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fatty acids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[kinetics of biohydrogenation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lipid supplement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multi-compartmental model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thermodynamics of biohydrogenation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos grasos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cinética de biohidrogenación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo multi-compartimentalizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[suplemento lipídico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[termodinámica de biohidrogenación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ácidos graxos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cinética de biohidrogenação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[modelo multi-compartimentalizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[suplemento lipídico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[termodinâmica de biohidrogenação]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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