<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902019000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v32n1a01</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fishmeal substitution for Arthrospira platensis in juvenile mullet ( Mugil liza) and its effects on growth and non-specific immune parameters]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Substitución de harina de pescado por Arthrospira platensis en juveniles de lisa (Mugil liza) y sus efectos en el crecimiento y parámetros del sistema inmune no-específico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Substituição da farinha de peixe por Arthrospira platensis em juvenis de tainha (Mugil liza) e seus efeitos no crescimento e nos parâmetros do sistema imune não-especifico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victor Torres]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bessonart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo Borges]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Instituto de Oceanografia (IO) Laboratório de Nutrição de Organismos Aquáticos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rio Grande ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Ciencias Laboratorio de Recursos Naturales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Estación Experimental de Investigaciones Marinas y Acuicultura  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cabo Polonio ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Instituto de Oceanografia (IO) Laboratório de Patologia e Imunologia de Organismos Aquáticos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rio Grande ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>13</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902019000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902019000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902019000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Cyanobacterium Athrospira platensis (Spirulina) is a potential fishmeal (FM) substitute in fish diets because of its high protein content, antioxidant and immunostimulant properties.  Objective:  To evaluate the effects of total and partial substitution of FM with A. platensis (0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% substitution) in juvenile mullet (Mugil liza).  Methods:  Juvenile mullets (n=210) were maintained in a recirculation system under optimal water parameters for the species. Mullets were fed five experimental diets for 80 days. Each diet was tested in triplicate tanks. At the end of the experimental period growth parameters were measured and samples of blood, liver and spleen were taken to evaluate the immune system.  Results:  Full replacement (100%) of FM resulted in growth deficits and low survival. The FM replacement induced changes in the proportion of macrophages and lymphocytes. Up to 50% FM replacement increased the expression of CD3 receptors in spleen T lymphocytes (T-Cells), whereas &gt;50% FM replacement decreased the expression of CD3 receptors. We also found that partial FM substitution diminished the apoptotic process.  Conclusions:  Up to 50% FM substitution with A. platensis can improve performance of non-specific immune system of mullets.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes:  La cianobacteria Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) puede usarse como substituto potencial de la harina de pescado (HP) por su alto contenido de proteína, sus antioxidantes y sus propiedades inmunoestimulantes.  Objetivo:  Analizar el efecto de la substitución parcial y total de HP por A. platensis (0, 30, 50, 70 y 100% de substitución) en juveniles de lisa (Mugil liza).  Métodos:  Juveniles de lisa (n=210) se mantuvieron en un sistema de recirculación con parámetros de calidad de agua en niveles óptimos para la especie. Las lisas se alimentaron con las dietas experimentales durante 80 días. Cada dieta fue evaluada en triplicado. Al final del periodo experimental se midieron los parámetros de crecimiento y se colectaron muestras de sangre, hígado y bazo para evaluación del sistema inmune.  Resultados:  La substitución total (100%) resultó en deficiente crecimiento y baja sobrevivencia. El remplazo de HP produjo cambios en las proporciones de macrófagos y linfocitos. La substitución de hasta un 50% HP aumentó la expresión de receptores CD3 en linfocitos T del bazo. Por otro lado, la substitución mayor a 50% HP disminuyó la expresión de receptores CD3. La substitución parcial de HP disminuyó el proceso de apoptosis.  Conclusiones:  Proponemos una substitución de HP del 50% por A. platensis, lo cual mejora el desempeño del sistema inmune no especifico de las lisas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedentes:  A cianobactéria Athrospira platensis (Spirulina) é um potencial substituto da farinha de peixe (FP) pelo seu alto conteúdo de proteína, antioxidantes e características imune estimulantes.  Objetivo:  Foram avaliados os efeitos da substituição parcial e total da FP por A. platensis (0, 30, 50, 70 e 100% substituição) em juvenis de tainha (Mugil liza).  Métodos:  Juvenis de tainha (n=210) foram mantidos em um sistema de recirculação com os parâmetros da água sendo mantidos em níveis ótimos para a espécie. As tainhas foram alimentadas com as dietas experimentais por 80 dias, cada dieta foi testada em triplicata, ao final do período experimental foram avaliados os parâmetros de crescimento e amostras de sangue, fígado e baço foram coletadas para a avaliação do sistema imune.  Resultados:  A substituição total de FP resultou em redução do crescimento e baixa sobrevivência. A avaliação do sistema imune demostrou que a substituição da FP produz alterações nas proporções de macrófagos e linfócitos. Provou-se que até 50% de substituição da FP incrementa a expressão de receptores CD3. Além disso, a substituição parcial da FP diminui o processo de apoptose.  Conclusão:  Baseado em nossos descobrimentos, se propõe a substituição de até 50% da FP por A. platensis que melhorará o desempenho do sistema imunológico não específico das tainhas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[apoptosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CD3]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fish]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immunostimulant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microalgae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spirulina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[apoptosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CD3]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inmunoestimulante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microalga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Spirulina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[apoptosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[CD3]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[estimulante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[imune]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[microalga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[peixe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Spirulina]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Tawwab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Live Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) as a growth and immunity promoter for Nile tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus L.), challenged with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>1037-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeganeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dadar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dawood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MAO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on growth performance, humoral and mucosal immune responses and disease resistance in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Shellfish Immunol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>436-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okamoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of dietary &#946;&#8208;carotene on the immune response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fisheries Sci]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<page-range>1068-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enhancement of innate immunity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) associated with dietary intake of carotenoids from natural products]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Shellfish Immunol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>527-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>American Public Health Association (APHA)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<edition>21</edition>
<page-range>1193</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[APHA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Association of Official Analytical Chemists</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Official methods of analysis of the AOAC]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<edition>16</edition>
<page-range>1141</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[AOAC International]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Potential Application of Spirulina (Arthrospira) as a Nutritional and Therapeutic Supplement in Health Management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JANA]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>26-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benderschneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new spectrophotometric method for determination of nitrate in seawater]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Mar Res]]></source>
<year>1952</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>69-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borlongan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coloso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Requirements of juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) for essential amino acids]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nutri]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<page-range>125-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sampaio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of protein levels on growth, postprandial excretion and tryptic activity of juvenile mullet Mugil platanus (Günther)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>511-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charriaut-Marlangue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ben-Ari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A cautionary note on the use of the TUNEL stain to determine apoptosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroreport]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>61-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lipid analysis]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<page-range>207</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Pergamon Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radhakrishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protective effect of aqueous extract from Spirulina platensis against cell death induced by free radicals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[B.M.C. Complem Alterna Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elmore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Toxicol Path]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>495-516</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Sayed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AFM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of soybean meal, Spirulina meal and chicken offal meal as protein sources for silver seabream (Rhabdos argussarba) fingerlings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<page-range>169-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ertesvag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Engedal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naderi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blomhoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Retinoic acid stimulates the cell cycle machinery in normal T cells: involvement of retinoic acid receptor-mediated IL-2 secretion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>169</volume>
<page-range>5555-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Folch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Bio Chem]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<page-range>497-509</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lysine requirement of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>161</volume>
<page-range>131-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Führ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Artemia enriched with hydrolyzed yeast improves growth and stress resistance of marine pejerrey Odontesthes argentinensis larvae]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>450</volume>
<page-range>173-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galvão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MSN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fenerich-Verani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamanaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histologia do sistema digestivo da tainha Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) durante as fases larval e juvenil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[B Inst Pesca]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>91-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Habib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MAB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parvin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huntington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A review on culture, production and use of Spirulina as food for humans and feeds for domestic animals and fish]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hauler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reevaluation of the quantitative dietary lysine requirements of fish]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reviews in Fish Sci]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>133-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fanger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: a comparison between ABC an unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Histochem Cytochem]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>577-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibrahem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibrahim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in growth and immunity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its resistance to bacterial infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Agric Sci]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jafari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SMA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabbani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emtyazjoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piryaei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of dietary Spirulina platensis on fatty acid composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillet]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Int]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>1307-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirubagaran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinithkumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dheenan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karthikayulu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[High value pigment production from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis cultured in seawater]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biores Techno]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<page-range>9221-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trushenski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New developments in fish amino acid nutrition: towards functional and environmentally oriented aquafeeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Amino Acids]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>43-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macias-Sancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poersch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wasielesky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fishmeal substitution with Arthrospira (Spirulina platensis) in a practical diet for Litopenaeus vannamei: Effects on growth and immunological parameters]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>426-427</volume>
<page-range>120-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Immunology: a comparative approach]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>69-100</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merrill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Energy value of foods: basis and derivation]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<page-range>74</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[United States Department of Agriculture (U.S.D.A.)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miceli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Role of CD4 and CD8 in T cell activation and differentiation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances Immuno]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>59-122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nandeesha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gangadhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varghese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keshavanath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of feeding Spirulina platensis on growth proximal composition and organoleptic quality of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>305-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>NRC (National Research Council)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrient Requirement of Fish and Shrimps]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Academy Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliva-Teles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrition and health of aquaculture fish]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Fish Disea]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>83-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Øvergard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hordvik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nerland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eikeland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cloning and expression analysis of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) CD3 genes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Shellfish Immunol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>707-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmegiano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agradi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forneris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigamonti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zoccarato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spirulina as a nutrient source in diets for growing sturgeon (Acipenser baeri).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>188-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmegiano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DapraØ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pazzaglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peiretti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of Spirulina and plant oil on the growth and lipid traits of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) fingerlings.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>587-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pohlenz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gatlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interrelationships between fish nutrition and health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>431</volume>
<page-range>111-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ragap]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mutawie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immunostimulant effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on tilapia Oreochromis niloticus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Appl Pharma Sci]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LRV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monserrat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biological responses in mullet Mugil liza juveniles fed with guar gum supplemented diets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal Feed Sci and Tech]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>205</volume>
<page-range>98-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ravi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azharuddin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The beneficial effects of Spirulina focusing on its immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutri Dietary]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>73-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rincón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Semprun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ED]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Substitution levels of fish meal by Arthrospira (= Spirulina) maxima meal in experimental diets for red tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis sp.).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>430-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ringø]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gifstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TØ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalmo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amlund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hemre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prebiotics in aquaculture: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Nutri]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>117-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inserra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[High correlation in renal tissue between computed image analysis and classical morphometric analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Histotechnol]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>121-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zenobi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utilización de anticuerpos humanos en la marcación de receptores CD3 y CD4 de linfocitos en Xiphophorus helleri.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Na Soc Cient Argent]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>123-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin A and retinoic acid in T cell-related immunity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American J Clin Nutri]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>1166S-72S</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bessonart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growth, survival and fatty acid composition of Rhamdia quelen (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) larvae fed on artificial diet alone or in combination with Artemia nauplii]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Res]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<page-range>41-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simsek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karadeniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of the Spirulina platensis and Panax ginseng oral supplementation on peripheral blood cells in rats]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revue Méd Vét]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>158</volume>
<page-range>483-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Small]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantitative dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass Morone saxatilis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Nutri]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>207-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strickland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parsons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A practical handbook of seawater analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull, Ottawa]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tachibana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yagi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsuchimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of feeding of &#946;-carotene-supplemented rotifers on survival and lymphocyte proliferation reaction of fish larvae (Japanese parrotfish (Oplegnathus fasciatus) and Spotted parrotfish (Oplegnathus punctatus)): preliminary trials.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Live Food in Aquac]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>313-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Integrating the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Cell Biol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>184-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tayag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Administration of the hot-water extract of Spirulina platensis enhanced the immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Shellfish Immunol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>764-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teimouri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeganeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amirkolaie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of Spirulina platensis meal on proximate composition, fatty acid profile and lipid peroxidation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchu s mykiss) muscle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Nutri]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>559-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valentim-Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differential expression of proteins in the gills of Litopenaeus vannamei infected with white spot syndrome virus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Inter]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>1605-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Juvenile Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in estuary of lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Copeia]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>409-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abisado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Traifalgar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RFM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tayamen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maliwat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GCF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ragaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) replacement enhances performance of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Appl Phyco]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>1023-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waagbø]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tröße]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koppe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontanillas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary histidine supplementation prevents cataract development in adult Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in seawater]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brit J Nutri]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<page-range>1460-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XD.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review: absorption and metabolism of beta-carotene]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Ame Col Nutri]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>314-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tassakka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immunostimulant effect of dietary Spirulina platensis on carp, Cyprinus carpio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>258</volume>
<page-range>157-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weibel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stereological methods. Vol. 1. Practical methods for biological morphometry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Microsc]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<page-range>131-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamora-Sillero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LRV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monserrat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of dietary dextrin levels on the growth performance, blood chemistry, body composition, hepatic triglicerides and glycogen of Lebranche mullet juveniles (Mugil liza Valenciennes 1836, Mugilidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Appl Ichthyol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1342-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantitative L&#8208;lysine requirement of juvenile black sea bream (Sparus macrocephalus).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquac Nutri]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>194-204</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
