<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-0690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Colom Cienc Pecua]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-0690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-06902020000100044</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rccp.v32n4a05</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluation of the Romosinuano cattle population structure in Mexico using pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la estructura poblacional de bovinos Romosinuano en México mediante el análisis de pedigrí]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação da estrutura populacional de bovinos Romosinuano no México usando análise de pedigree]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez-Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Muñiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Chapingo Departamento de Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chapingo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>44</fpage>
<lpage>59</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-06902020000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-06902020000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-06902020000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Romosinuano cattle breed in Mexico has endured isolation and it is necessary to characterize it in order to facilitate sustainable genetic management.  Objective: To assess the evolution of the structure and genetic diversity of the Romosinuano breed in Mexico, through pedigree analysis.  Methods: Pedigree data was obtained from Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Romosinuano y Lechero Tropical (AMCROLET). The ENDOG program (4.8 version) was used to analyze two datasets, one that includes upgrading from F1 animals (UP) and the other with only straight-bred cattle (SP). For both datasets, three reference populations were defined: 1998-2003 (RP1), 2004-2009 (RP2), and 2010-2017 (RP3). The pedigree included 3,432 animals in UP and 1,518 in SP. Demographic parameters were: Generation interval (GI), equivalent number of generations (EG), pedigree completeness index (PCI), and gene flow among herds. Genetic parameters were: Inbreeding (F) and average relatedness (AR) coefficients, effective population size (Nec), effective number of founders and ancestors, and number of founder genome equivalents.  Results: The GI varied from 6.10 to 6.54 for UP, and from 6.47 to 7.16 yr for SP. The EG of the UP and SP improved &gt;63% from RP1 to RP3. The PCI increased over time. No nucleus or isolated herds were found. For RP3, F and AR reached 2.08 and 5.12% in the UP, and 2.55 and 5.94% in the SP. For RP3, Nec was 57 in the UP and 45 in the SP. Genetic diversity losses were attributed mainly (&gt;66%) to genetic drift, except for RP3 in the SP (44%).  Conclusions: A reduction of the genetic diversity has been occurring after the Romosinuano breed association was established in Mexico, and this is mainly due to random loss of genes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: La raza bovina Romosinuano ha estado prácticamente aislada en México y requiere ser caracterizada para un manejo genético sostenible.  Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución de la estructura y diversidad genética de la raza Romosinuano en México, mediante el análisis del pedigrí.  Métodos: Los datos genealógicos provinieron de la Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Romosinuano y Lechero Tropical (AMCROLET). Los análisis se realizaron con el programa ENDOG (versión 4.8) para dos bases de datos, una que incluyó animales en cruzamiento absorbente (UP) a partir de F1 y la otra con sólo animales puros (SP). Para ambas bases de datos se definieron tres poblaciones de referencia: 1998-2003 (RP1), 2004- 2009 (RP2), y 2010-2017 (RP3). El pedigrí incluyó 3.432 animales en la UP y 1.518 en la SP. Los parámetros demográficos fueron: intervalo generacional (GI), número de generaciones equivalentes (EG), índice de completitud del pedigrí (PCI), y flujo de genes entre hatos. Los parámetros genéticos fueron: coeficientes de consanguinidad (F) y de relación genética aditiva (AR), tamaño efectivo de la población (Nec), número efectivo de fundadores y ancestros, y número equivalente de genomas fundadores.  Resultados: El GI varió de 6,10 a 6,54 para la UP, y de 6,47 a 7,16 años para la SP. El EG de la UP y la SP mejoró &gt;63%, de RP1 a RP3. El PCI aumentó a través de los años, pero más para la SP que para la UP. No se encontraron hatos núcleo o aislados. Para RP3, F y AR alcanzaron 2,08 y 5,12% en la UP, y 2,55 y 5,94% en la SP. Para RP3, Nec fue 57 en la UP y 45 en la SP. Más de 66% de las pérdidas en diversidad genética se debieron a deriva genética, excepto para RP3 en la UP (44%).  Conclusiones: una reducción de la diversidad genética ha estado ocurriendo después de que se formó la asociación de criadores de ganado Romosinuano en México, y es debida principalmente a pérdidas aleatorias de genes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Antecedentes: A raça bovina Romosinuano tem estado praticamente isolada no México e precisa ser caracterizada para um manejo genético sustentável.  Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução da estrutura e diversidade genética da raça Romosinuano no México, através da análise de pedigree.  Métodos: Os dados genealógicos vieram da Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Romosinuano y Lechero Tropical (AMCROLET). As análises foram feitas com o programa ENDOG (versão 4.8) para duas bases de dados, uma que incluiu animais em cruzamento absorvente (UP) a partir da F1 e a outra base de dados somente com animais puros (SP). Para ambas bases de dados foram definidas três populações de referência: 1998-2003 (RP1), 2004-2009 (RP2) e 2010-2017 (RP3). O pedigree incluiu 3.432 animais na UP e 1.518 na SP. Os parâmetros demográficos foram: intervalo entre gerações (GI), número de gerações equivalentes (EG), índice de completude do pedigree (PCI), e fluxo de genes entre rebanhos. Os parâmetros genéticos foram: coeficiente de consanguinidade (F) e da relação genética aditiva (AR), tamanho efetivo da população (Nec), número efetivo de fundadores e ancestrais, e número equivalente de genomas fundadores.  Resultados: O GI variou de 6,10 a 6,54 para a UP, e de 6,47 a 7,16 anos para a SP. EG da UP e a SP melhorou &gt;63%, de RP1 a RP3. O PCI aumentou ao longo dos anos, mas mais para a SP do que para o UP. Não se encontraram rebanhos núcleo ou isolados. Para RP3, F e AR alcançaram 2,08 e 5,12% na UP, e 2,55 e 5,94% na SP. Para RP3, Nec foi 57 na UP e 45 na SP. Mais de 66% das perdas em diversidade genética foram ocasionadas pela deriva genética, exceto para RP3 no UP (44%).  Conclusões: Depois que a associação da raça Romosinuano foi estabelecida no México, tem ocorrido uma redução da diversidade genética, principalmente devido a perdas aleatórias de genes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[effective population size]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene flow]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic diversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic drift]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[generation interval]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inbreeding]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pedigree]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[population structure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[probability of gene origin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Romosinuano cattle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[consanguinidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[deriva genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diversidad genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estructura poblacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flujo de genes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ganado Romosinuano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[intervalo generacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pedigrí]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[probabilidad de origen del gen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tamaño efectivo de población]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[consanguinidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[deriva genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diversidade genética, estrutura populacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fluxo de genes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[intervalo entre gerações]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pedigree]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[probabilidade de origem do gene]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Romosinuano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tamanho efetivo da população]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>AMCROLET</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Resumen de la evaluación genética para sementales Romosinuano 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chapingo, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Romosinuano y Lechero Tropical]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identifying genetically important individuals for management of genetic diversity in pedigreed populations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilpin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Population Management for Survival &amp; Recovery. Analytical Methods and Strategies in Small Population Conservation]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<page-range>76-111</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Columbia University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Battagin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penasa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassandro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pedigree analysis of Burlina cattle population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Agrar Kaposv]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>161-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savegnago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buzanskas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guidolin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DGF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bezerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LAF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lôbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Population structure of Tabapuã beef cattle using pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>187</volume>
<page-range>96-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boichard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maignel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verrier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The value of using probabilities of gene origin to measure genetic variability in a population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genet Sel Evol]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>5-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of inbreeding in beef cattle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anim Breed Abstr]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>737-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interrelations between effective population size and other pedigree tools for the management of conserved populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genet Res]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>331-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carolino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indicators of genetic erosion in an endangered population: The Alentejana cattle breed in Portugal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<page-range>47-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burdick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reutera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CCJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spiers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arthington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differential acute phase immune responses by Angus and Romosinuano steers following an endotoxin challenge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Domest Anim Endocrin]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>163-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burdick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CCJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spiers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of environmental temperature on the physiological, endocrine, and immune responses in livestock exposed to a provocative immune challenge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Domest Anim Endocrin]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>146-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation of effective population size from the rate of coancestry in pedigreed populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Breed Genet]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>56-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Alba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Libro de los Bovinos Criollos de América. Biblioteca Básica de Agricultura.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montecillo (Estado de México) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Colegio de Postgraduados]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization for the United Nations)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Secondary guidelines for development of national farm animal genetic resources management plans: Management of small populations at risk]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rome, Italy ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altarriba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintanilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cañón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piedrafita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pedigree analysis of eight Spanish beef cattle breeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genet Sel Evol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>43-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A note on Endog: a computer program for analysing pedigree information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Breed Genet]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<page-range>172-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Improving the estimation of realized effective population sizes in farm animals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Breed Genet]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<page-range>327-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hammerly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of pedigree- and DNA-based measures for identifying inbreeding depression in the critically endangered Attwater&#8217;s Prairie-chicken]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mol Ecol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>5313-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fujii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nomura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mukai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of genetic diversity in Japanese Brown cattle population by pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Breed Genet]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<page-range>172-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamieson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allendorf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How does the 50/500 rule apply to MVPs?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends Ecol Evol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>578-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of founder representation in pedigrees: founder equivalents and founder genome equivalents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zoo Biol]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>111-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clarification of genetic terms and their use in the management of captive populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zoo Biol]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>565-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacCluer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dyke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weitkamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfenning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parsons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inbreeding and pedigree structure in Standardbred horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hered]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<page-range>394-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maignel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boichard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verrier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic variability of French dairy breeds estimated from pedigree information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Interbull Bull]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>49-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onofre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cañón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic variability in Colombian Creole cattle populations estimated by pedigree information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<page-range>545-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meuwissen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[THE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Computing inbreeding coefficients in large populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genet Sel Evol]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>305-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onogi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shirai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investigation of genetic diversity and inbreeding in a Japanese native horse breed for suggestions on its conservation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anim Sci J]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<page-range>1902-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pezzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mariante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seixas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costas Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JBG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McManus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Population structure of Brazilian Crioula Lageana cattle (Bos taurus) breed]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>93-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinheiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kjöllerström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic diversity and demographic structure of the endangered Sorraia horse breed assessed through pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Sci]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CCJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of birth and weaning traits of Romosinuano calves as purebreds and crosses with Brahman and Angus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<page-range>289-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CCJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heterosis and direct effects for Charolais-sired calf weight and growth, cow weight and weight change, and rations of cow and calf weights and weight changes across warm season lactation in Romosinuano, Angus, and F1 cows in Arkansas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosendo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JAL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becerril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PCM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic variability of Tropical Milking Criollo cattle of Mexico estimated from genealogical information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>196-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MLJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JBS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pedigree analysis and inbreeding depression on growth traits in Brazilian Marchigiana and Bonsmara breeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>99-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MLJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bignardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Faro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonhati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albuquerque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[History, structure, and genetic diversity of Brazilian Gir cattle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Sci]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>163</volume>
<page-range>26-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MLJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bignardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menezes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GRO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LOC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CHC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Josahkian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albuquerque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Structure and genetic diversity of Brazilian Zebu cattle breeds assessed by pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>187</volume>
<page-range>6-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scharf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CCJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keisler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weaber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spiers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of physiological and blood serum differences in heat-tolerant (Romosinuano) and heat suceptible (Angus) Bos taurus cattle during controlled heat challenge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anim Sci]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<page-range>2321-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SAGARPA (Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Comunicado de Prensa BCS/226/2017]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheikhlou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic diversity of Iranian Lori-Bakhtiari sheep assessed by pedigree analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Small Ruminant Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<page-range>99-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MHMA da]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malhado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CHM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JLJr]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobuci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carneiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PLS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Population genetic structure in the Holstein breed in Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trop Anim Health Prod]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>331-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genomics applied to management strategies in conservation programmes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Sci]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>166</volume>
<page-range>48-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vassallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A note on the population structure of the Avileña breed of cattle in Spain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livest Prod Sci]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>285-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
