<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-2448</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Medica Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Med Colomb]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-2448</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociacion Colombiana de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-24482021000300003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36104/amc.2021.2247</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Epidemics and pandemics, a historical approach]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Epidemias y pandemias, una aproximación histórica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SÁNCHEZ-VALLEJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GREGORIO]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Quindío  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Armenia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>10</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-24482021000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-24482021000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-24482021000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This is a historical approach to the most important epidemic and pandemic moments, a very relevant topic today given our current healthcare situation. The religious, political, economic and social influences which largely modified the development and final outcome of epidemics throughout human history are analyzed. This review of the history of epidemics and pandemics shows us that diseases like smallpox and measles were very important in ancient times, that the plague and typhus regained prevalence during the Middle Ages, and that influenza (in its various forms: Spanish flu, avian flu, and swine flu) and cholera positioned themselves as the main scourges of the twentieth century, all of them becoming major milestones in the history of medicine. This article shows the importance of microbiology, epidemiology and public health in understanding and having a proper approach to infections. Finally, the author offers a few concluding thoughts on the struggle between the imaginaries of science and belief. (Acta Med Colomb 2021; 46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2021.2247).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se presenta una aproximación histórica a los momentos más importantes de las epidemias y las pandemias, toda vez que se trata de un tema muy vigente en la actualidad por cuenta de la situación sanitaria que nos está afectando. Se analizan las influencias religiosas, políticas, económicas y sociales que modificaron en gran parte el desarrollo y el resultado final de las epidemias en las diferentes épocas de la humanidad. Este repaso por la historia de las epidemias y las pandemias nos muestra que enfermedades como la viruela y el sarampión fueron muy importantes en la antigüedad, que la peste y el tifus reclamaron preponderancia durante la Edad Media, y que en el siglo XX la influenza (en sus diferentes manifestaciones: gripa española, gripe aviar y gripe porcina) y el cólera, se posicionaron como los azotes principales, convirtiéndose todas ellas en grandes hitos en la historia de la medicina. Se muestra la importancia de la microbiología, la epidemiología y la salud pública en el entendimiento y enfoque adecuado de las infecciones. Por último, se ofrecen algunas reflexiones sobre la lucha de imaginarios entre la ciencia y la creencia. (Acta Med Colomb 2021; 46. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2021.2247).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pandemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epidemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[belief]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[science]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[history]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epidemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[virus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microbiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[creencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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