<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-2812</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Agronómica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Agron.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-2812</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-28122018000100160</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1s446/acag.v67n1.61474</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In vitro propagation of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass through morphogenesis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Propagación in vitro de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass via morfogénesis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo Osorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catalina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil Correal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres Bonilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urrea Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aura Inés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad EAFIT Department of Biological Sciences Plant Biotechnology Laboratory]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas  Unidad de Biotecnología Vegetal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences Department of Biology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellin ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>160</fpage>
<lpage>167</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-28122018000100160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-28122018000100160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-28122018000100160&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Given the importance and potential development of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cultivation in Colombia and its problems for an efficient field cultivation, which includes the genetic variability of propagated material and adverse phytosanitary conditions, the aim of this study was to develop a method for in vitro clonal propagation for avocado cv. Hass. In vitro introduction of apical explants and nodal segments was carried out from grafted parent plants. Etiolation pretreatment effect on the number of shoots formed and in vitro phenolization was evaluated in grafted parent plants and in explants under in vitro conditions, subject to photoperiod (12/12 hours) and darkness. Darkness conditions reduced significantly plant phenolization, and these in turn formed new shoots, which were higher and were also formed in a shorter time. During multiplication stage, using a WPM culture medium an effective control of phenolization was obtained. During subculturing there was a decreasing in apical explant elongation, but there was a significant induction of new shoots from nodal segments. However, only some segments reached the required height to keep the multiplication rate throughout subcultures. Finally, 82% survival rate of vitroplants was obtained during hardening.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Teniendo en cuenta la importancia y el potencial de desarrollo del cultivo de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) en Colombia, y los problemas que se presentan para el cultivo eficiente en campo, principalmente por la variabilidad genética del material de propagación y por condiciones fitosanitarias adversas, el presente trabajo tuvo como finalidad desarrollar una metodología para la propagación clonal in vitro del cultivar "Hass". La introducción in vitro de explantes apicales y segmentos nodales se realizó a partir de plantas madres injertadas. El efecto del pretratamiento de etiolación sobre el número de brotes desarrollados y el porcentaje de fenolización in vitro, se evaluó sometiendo las plantas madre y los explantes introducidos in vitro a condiciones de fotoperiodo (12/12h) y oscuridad; esta última condición es la que redujo significativamente la fenolización de los explantes, y estos a su vez formaron un mayor número de brotes nuevos con mayor altura y en menor tiempo. En la etapa de multiplicación en el medio de cultivo WPM se obtuvo un efectivo control del proceso de fenolización. Durante los subcultivos hubo disminución de elongación de los explantes apicales, y a partir de los segmentos nodales, se logró una inducción importante de nuevos brotes; sin embargo, solo algunos alcanzaron la altura requerida para mantener la tasa de multiplicación a través de los subcultivos. Finalmente durante el endurecimiento, se obtuvo un 82 % de supervivencia de las vitroplantas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Acclimatization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[etiolation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[greenhouse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[in vitro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photoperiodicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plant propagation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rooting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Endurecimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enraizamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[etiolización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fotoperiodicidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[in vitro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[invernadero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[propagación vegetal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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