<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-2812</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Agronómica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Agron.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-2812</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-28122020000200117</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/acag.v69n2.81305</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Metabolismo de Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis como mecanismo de resistencia a imazapyr y imazapic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Echinochloa crusgalli var. Mitis metabolism as resistance mechanism to imazapyr and imazapic]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lübke Bonow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joice Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto Lamego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabiane]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pelotas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pelotas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>117</fpage>
<lpage>123</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-28122020000200117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-28122020000200117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-28122020000200117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La presión de selección causada por el uso continuo de herbicidas imazapyr e imazapic en campos de arroz sin rotación de cultivos, ha seleccionado biotipos resistentes de Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis. Conocer el mecanismo de resistencia involucrado se vuelve importante para definir estrategias de manejo efectivas. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue verificar si el metabolismo mejorado del herbicida es responsable de la resistencia a imazapyr e imazapic en Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis de Rio Grande (resistente a ECH38 y susceptible a ECH44), Pelotas (resistente a ECH1 y susceptible a ECH14) y Arroio Grande (resistente a ECH27) en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Para ello, se recolectaron cuarenta y nueve biotipos de la región sur del estado en áreas con dificultades de control de pastos de corral con herbicidas inhibidores de ALS. Los tratamientos de estudio consistieron en la aplicación de malatión (1000 g ia ha-1) y butóxido de piperonilo (525 g ia ha-1), inhibidores de las enzimas monooxigenasa del citocromo P450 y a los 60 minutos, previa aplicación del herbicida (73,5 + 24,5 g ae ha-1. Se realizaron evaluaciones de control visual a los 14 y 28 días después de los tratamientos (DAT) y determinación de la materia seca de la planta (SDM) a los 28 DAT. Los resultados indican que la aplicación de inhibidores no altera la respuesta de control de la ECH38, pero muestra un aumento significativo de fitotoxicidad en 28 DAT, con valores de 78% para la ECH1. El uso de Malatión asociado al herbicida proporcionó una reducción en el SDM de 1.34 g. planta-1 en relación a la aplicación aislada de herbicida y para el butóxido de piperonilo (PBO) de 1,28 g.planta-1 para el biotipo resistente de Pelotas. Para ECH27, la reducción del SDM fue inferior a los valores de 0,87 g. planta-1 para Malatión y 1,04 g.planta-1 para PBO. El mecanismo de resistencia al herbicida imazapyr + imazapic en los biotipos Pelotas y Arroio Grande está relacionado con un aumento del metabolismo del herbicida, y no se puede afirmar que este mecanismo esté involucrado en la resistencia del biotipo ECH38.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Selection pressure caused by continuous use of imazapyr and imazapic herbicides in rice fields without crop rotation, has selected for resistant biotypes of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis. To know the mechanism of resistance involved becomes important in order to define effective management strategies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to verify if enhanced metabolism of herbicide is responsible for imazapyr and imazapic resistance in Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis biotypes from Rio Grande (ECH38 resistant and ECH44 susceptible), Pelotas (ECH1 resistant and ECH14 susceptible) and Arroio Grande (ECH27 resistant) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. For this purpose, forty-nine biotypes were collected from the southern region of the state in areas with barnyard grass control difficulties with ALS inhibitor herbicides. The treatments of study consisted of application of malathion (1000 g a.i. ha-1) and piperonyl butoxide (525 g a.i. ha-1), inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase enzymes and after 60 minutes, preceding herbicide application (73.5 + 24.5 g a.e. ha-1. Visual control evaluations were taken at 14 and 28 days after treatments (DAT) and shoot dry mass (SDM) determination at 28 DAT. The results indicate that the application of inhibitors does not alter the control response of the ECH38, but shows a significant increase in phytotoxicity in 28 DAT, with values of 78% for the ECH1. The use of Malathion associated with the herbicide provided a reduction in the SDM of 1.34 g.plant-1 in relation to the isolated application of herbicide and for piperonyl butoxide (PBO) of 1.28 g.plant-1 for the resistant biotype from Pelotas. For ECH27, the SDM reduction was lower than the values of 0.87 g.plant-1 for Malathion and 1.04 g.plant-1 for PBO. The resistance mechanism to imazapyr + imazapic herbicide in Pelotas and Arroio Grande biotypes is related to increased metabolism of the herbicide, and it cannot be stated that this mechanism is involved in the resistance of the ECH38 biotype.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Enzyme inhibitors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Herbicides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Herbicide selectivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Plant metabolism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Weed control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Control de malezas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Herbicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inhibidores enzimáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metabolismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Selectividad herbicida]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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