<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-3347</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Colombian Journal of Anestesiology]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. colomb. anestesiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-3347</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-33472018000400286</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/cj9.0000000000000076</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ketamine sedation for orthopedic procedures in a high complexity emergency service: a descriptive study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sedación con ketamina para procedimientos ortopédicos en un servicio de urgencias de alta complejidad. Un estudio descriptivo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ospina-Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valderrama-Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Oliver]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier Esteban]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Orthopaedics and Traumatology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Colombiano del Dolor  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>286</fpage>
<lpage>291</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-33472018000400286&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-33472018000400286&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-33472018000400286&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Rapid recovery and low cost are among the benefits of ketamine for emergency sedation. It has been excluded as the first choice because of the associated adverse events.  Objective: To describe the adverse events associated with the use of ketamine in a high-complexity emergency service.  Materials and methods: Review of clinical records of patients who received sedation with ketamine for orthopedic procedures in the emergency room between January 2012 and June 2015, with identification of adverse events.  Results: Overall, 354 patients were identified (74% males, 32% children), with a median age of 21 years, interquartile range (IQR) of 20 years. Of them, 66% had upper limb injuries, 79% were treated on an outpatient basis, with a median length of stay in the emergency service of 3.6hours (IQR 2,5). In 98%, sedation was given by a different practitioner from the orthopedic surgeon. Ketamine and midazolam were administered together in the same proportion, and 3 or more medications were used in 13% of cases. Overall, 14 adverse events (3.9%) were described, 9 related to desaturation between 80% and 90% which was solved with oxygen through nasal cannula, 3 were cases of vomiting following sedation with no aspiration, and 2 were cases of desaturation &lt;80% which were managed with oxygen administration through a cannula and maneuvers to maintain airway patency. One patient had visual hallucinations. No patient required advanced airway maneuvers.  Conclusion: The use of ketamine for sedation in the emergency service is associated with a low prevalence of major adverse events. Sedation with ketamine and midazolam appears to be a safe strategy for these procedures.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La ketamina para sedación en urgencias tiene beneficios tales como recuperación rápida y bajo costo. Se ha excluido como primera opción por sus eventos adversos.  Objetivo:  Describir los eventos adversos relacionados con el uso de ketamina en un servicio de urgencias de alta complejidad.  Materiales y métodos:  Se revisaron historias clínicas de pacientes que recibieron ketamina en urgencias para sedación en procedimientos ortopédicos entre enero de 2012 y junio de 2015, identificando eventos adversos.  Resultados:  Se identificaron 354 pacientes, (74% hombres, 32% niños), con una mediana de edad de 21 años, rango intercuartílico (RIQ) de 20 años. 66% con lesiones del miembro superior, 79% tratados ambulatoriamente con una mediana de estancia en urgencias de 3,6 horas (RIQ 2,5). En el 98% la sedación fue realizada por un médico diferente al ortopedista. En la misma proporción se administró ketamina y midazolam conjuntamente, en 13% se utilizaron tres o más medicamentos. Se describieron 14 eventos adversos (3,9%), nueve correspondían a desaturación entre 80 y 90% resuelta con oxígeno por cánula nasal, tres casos de vómito después de la sedación sin broncoaspiración, y dos casos de desaturación &lt;80% resuelta con oxígeno por cánula y maniobras para permeabilización de la vía aérea. Hubo alucinaciones visuales en un paciente. Ning un paciente requirió maniobras avanzadas para la vía aérea.  Conclusiones:  El uso de ketamina para sedación en urgencias tiene una baja prevalencia de eventos adversos mayores. La sedación con ketamina y midazolam, parece ser una estrategia segura en estos procedimientos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ketamine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Conscious Sedation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adverse effects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Emergencies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Manipulation Orthopedic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ketamina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sedación Consciente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Efectos adversos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Urgencias Médicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Manipulación Ortopédica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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