<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-3584</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Desarrollo y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Desarro. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-3584</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-35842021000100073</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.13043/dys.87.3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Recall Elections: A Tool of Accountability? Evidence from Peru]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La Revocatoria del Mandato: ¿una herramienta de rendición de cuentas? La evidencia de Perú]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Hradec Králové  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>República Checa</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>87</numero>
<fpage>73</fpage>
<lpage>111</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract I examine the role of recall elections in Peruvian municipalities to evaluate whether they are used as a tool to increase political accountability. I test the theoretical assumptions of elite mobilization theory and other theories related to the functions of political parties and invalid votes. I use logistic regression to analyze a dataset with recall elections until 2013. The results show that recall elections were held most frequently in municipalities with high local electorate party membership when the percentage of blank votes was low, and the margin of victory was low in previous municipal elections. The key variables for the successful removal of a mayor include the political experience of the organizer of a recall procedure, the number of null votes, and votes for the winner in previous municipal elections. Future research should build on these findings and further examine recall elections. JEL Classification: D72, H70, H72 .]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Examino el papel de las revocatorias en los distritos peruanos para evaluar si se utilizan como herramienta para aumentar la rendición de cuentas. Utilizo la regresión logística para analizar un conjunto de datos con las revocatorias hasta 2013. Pongo a prueba los supuestos teóricos de la teoría de la movilización de la élite y otras teorías relacionadas con las funciones de los partidos políticos y los votos inválidos. Las revocatorias se celebraron con mayor frecuencia en distritos con un alto número de miembros de los partidos en el electorado local, cuando el porcentaje de votos blancos fue bajo y el margen de victoria fue bajo en las elecciones municipales anteriores. Las variables clave para la revocación de un alcalde son la experiencia política de un promotor de la revocatoria, una cantidad de votos nulos y los votos para el ganador en las elecciones municipales anteriores. Las investigaciones ulteriores deberían basarse en estas conclusiones y examinar más a fondo las revocatorias. Clasificación JEL: D72, H70, H72.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[accountability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[elections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political parties]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Peru]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[elecciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[partido político]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rendición de cuentas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Perú]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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