<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-3584</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Desarrollo y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Desarro. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-3584</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-35842021000200043</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.13043/dys.88.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of Principal Nonlinear Components for the Construction of a Socioeconomic Stratification Index in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de componentes principales no lineales para la construcción de un índice de estratificación socioeconómica para el Ecuador]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katherine]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yasmín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut Polytechnique de Paris Laboratorio Samovar de Telecom SudParis Departamento CITI]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Francia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional Department of Mathematics SIGTI]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional Department of Quantitative Economics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>88</numero>
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>82</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-35842021000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Socio-economic stratification classifies people or groups of people within a society. Although social stratification is a universal characteristic of human societies, the criteria considered to classify individuals is not unique and some methodological approaches are distinguished. In this article, we build an indi­cator of socioeconomic stratification for Ecuador through a Nonlinear Princi­pal Components Analysis using data from the 2010 Census. This methodology allows the incorporation of numerical and categorical variables, and nonlinear relationships. The main results suggest that the households located in the urban area show better conditions and greater access to basic services. Also, education positively affects social and economic conditions of both individuals and the households. In light of these results, public policy should target education and public investment in the provision of basic services in rural areas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La estratificación socioeconómica clasifica a las personas o grupos de perso­nas dentro de una sociedad. Si bien la estratificación social es una característica universal de las sociedades humanas, el criterio considerado para clasificar a los individuos no es único y se distinguen algunos enfoques metodológicos. En este artículo, construimos un indicador de estratificación socioeconómica para Ecua­dor a través de un Análisis de Componentes Principales no Lineales utilizando datos del Censo de 2010. Esta metodología permite la incorporación de variables numéricas, categóricas y relaciones no lineales. Los principales resultados sugie­ren que los hogares ubicados en el área urbana presentan mejores condiciones y mayor acceso a los servicios básicos. Además, la educación afecta positivamente las condiciones sociales y económicas tanto de las personas como de los hoga­res. A la luz de estos resultados, la política pública debe apuntar a la educación y a la inversión pública para la provisión de servicios básicos en las zonas rurales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Statistical analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social class]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social inequality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[JEL classification: C18; D63; I31]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis estadístico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clase social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desigualdad social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Clasificación JEL: C18; D63; I31]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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