<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-386X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-386X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-386X2019000300025</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v37n3a04</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Medición de niveles de colinesterasas eritrocitarias en agricultores usuarios de plaguicidas y en practicantes de agroecología, San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Measurement of erythrocyte cholinesterase levels in farmers who use pesticides and agroecology practitioners from San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Medição dos níveis de colinesterases eritrocitárias em cultivadores usuários de pesticidas e profissionais de agroecologia, San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colômbia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanco López-de-Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ysabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Carmona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha Lucía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguirre-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ánderson]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>25</fpage>
<lpage>33</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-386X2019000300025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-386X2019000300025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-386X2019000300025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  analizar el valor de las colinesterasas eritrocitarias como biomarcador de exposición a plaguicidas (organofosforados y carbamatos) y los posibles efectos en la salud de sus usuarios y de quienes practicaban la agroecología en el corregimiento de San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colombia.  Metodología:  Estudio de corte. A una muestra de 40 agricultores se les realizó medición de este biomarcador. Se relacionó con información demográfica, descripción de las prácticas agrícolas y examen clínico.  Resultados:  Según los niveles de colinesterasa eritrocitaria en individuos que usan o no plaguicidas, los resultados mostraron un valor significativo en los que no los emplean (p= 0,042). No se presentaron resultados significativos (p&gt; 0,05) entre las mujeres que usaron plaguicidas que alteran las colinesterasas y las que no, mientras que en los hombres sí lo fueron (p&lt; 0,032). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las colinesterasas eritrocitarias entre el grupo de los usuarios de plaguicidas y los practicantes de la agroecología. Un hallazgo importante fue el deficiente uso del equipo de protección personal y la poca supervisión técnica acerca del uso adecuado de plaguicidas. No se encontraron síntomas asociados con intoxicación por plaguicidas al momento de recolección de la información.  Conclusiones:  Los usuarios de plaguicidas inhibidores de las colinesterasas tuvieron niveles de colinesterasas eritrocitarias más bajos que quienes practicaban la agroecología. El uso de equipo protector fue deficiente. Por todo esto, esta población debería mejorar las medidas de protección y fomentar prácticas agrícolas más amigables con la salud y el medio ambiente, como la agroecología.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: To analyze erythrocyte cholinesterase values as biomarkers of exposure to pesticides (organophosphates and carbamates) and their possible effects on their users and agroecology practitioners&#8217; health in the village of San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colombia.  Methodology: Cross-sectional study in which a sample of 40 farmers was measured to see the presence of this biomarker. The measurement was then compared to demographic information, description of agricultural practices, and clinical examinations.  Results: Depending on the erythrocyte cholinesterase levels in subjects who use or do not use pesticides, results showed a significant value in those who do not use them (p = 0.042). Results between women using pesticides modifying cholinesterase levels and those not using them were not statistically significant (p &gt; 0.05). On the contrary, results in men were significant (p &lt; 0.032). However, no statistically significant differences in erythrocyte cholinesterase levels were found between the groups of pesticide users and agroecology practitioners. An important finding was a deficient use of personal protective gear and poor technical supervision of proper use of pesticides. No symptoms associated with pesticide poisoning were found at the moment of data collection.  Conclusions: Pesticides users inhibiting cholinesterase presented lower cholinesterase erythrocyte levels compared to those who practiced agroecology. The use of protection gear was poor. Therefore, this population should improve protection measures and promote more health and environmentally friendly agricultural practices, such as agroecology.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivo: Analisar o valor das colinesterases eritrocitárias como biomarcador da exposição a pesticidas (organofosfatos e carbamatos) e os possíveis efeitos na saúde de os seus usuários e estagiários do curso agroecologia no distrito de San Cristóbal, Medellín, Colômbia.  Metodologia: Estudo em metodologia de corte. Uma amostra de 40 cultivadores foi medida para esse biomarcador. Relacionou-se com informação demográfica, descrição das práticas agrícolas e exame clínico.  Resultados: De acordo com os níveis de colinesterase eritrocitária em indivíduos que usam ou não pesticidas, os resultados mostraram um valor significativo naqueles que não os utilizam (p = 0,042). Não houve resultados significativos (p&gt; 0,05) entre as mulheres que usavam pesticidas que alteram a colinesterase e as que não usavam, enquanto nos homens eram (p &lt;0,032). No entanto, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas na colinesterase eritrocitária entre o grupo de usuários de pesticidas e estagiários da agroecologia. Uma descoberta importante foi o uso errado do equipamento de proteção individual e a falta de supervisão técnica respeito do uso adequado de pesticidas. Não foram encontrados sintomas associados ao envenenamento por pesticidas no momento em que as informações foram coletadas.  Conclusões: Usuários de pesticidas inibidores das colinesterases apresentaram níveis mais baixos de colinesterase eritrocitária do que aqueles que praticavam agroecologia. O uso de equipamentos de proteção foi ruim. Por tudo isso, essa população deve melhorar as medidas de proteção e promover práticas agrícolas mais amigáveis à saúde e ao meio ambiente, como a agroecologia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[plaguicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agricultores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[colinesterasas eritrocitarias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agroecología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[San Cristóbal (Medellín]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colombia)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pesticides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[farmers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[erythrocyte cholinesterase]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[agroecology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[San Cristóbal (Medellín]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombia)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pesticidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[agricultores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[colinesterase eritrocitária]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[agroecologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[San Cristóbal (Medellín]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Colômbia)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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