<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-4157</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Biomédica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Biomédica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-4157</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-41572016000400564</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7705/biomedica.v36i4.3105</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo para la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en la Costa Caribe colombiana: un estudio de casos y controles]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in the Colombian Caribbean coast: A case-control study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yepes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ismael de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lince]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giovanni de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cartagena Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartagena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pharos Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Costa  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartagena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica del Bosque Servicio de Gastroenterología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartagena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Portoazul Sección de Hepatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>564</fpage>
<lpage>571</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-41572016000400564&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-41572016000400564&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-41572016000400564&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción. Se estima que, aproximadamente, 6,8 a 8,9 millones de personas están infectadas por el virus de la hepatitis C en Latinoamérica, de las cuales menos del 1 % llega a recibir tratamiento antiviral. En los estudios llevados a cabo hasta ahora en Colombia, se ha propuesto determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en algunos grupos de riesgo, y no se ha hecho el análisis de otros factores potencialmente implicados en el contagio.  Objetivos. Determinar los factores de riesgo tradicionalmente analizados y otros no estudiados antes para la hepatitis C crónica en la Costa Caribe colombiana.  Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de casos y controles (1:3) emparejados por empresa promotora de salud y edad (± 10 años), en el primer nivel de atención de hepatología y gastroenterología. A todos los pacientes positivos en la prueba ELISA se les hizo una prueba confirmatoria de carga viral. En el análisis de regresión logística multivariable se determinaron los factores predictores independientes de infección.  Resultados. La transfusión sanguínea (odds ratio, OR=159,2; IC95% 35,4-715; p&lt;0,001) y el antecedente de hospitalización antes de 1994 (OR=4,7; IC95% 1,3-17,1; p=0,018) se determinaron como los dos únicos factores independientes predictores de infección.  Conclusión. Es necesario comprobar la reproducibilidad de estos resultados y hacer estudios de costo-efectividad antes de recomendar su utilización en el diseño de nuevas estrategias de cribado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: An estimated 6.8-8.9 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus in Latin America, of which less than 1% receives antiviral treatment. Studies so far in Colombia have attempted to determine the prevalence of the disease in some risk groups, thus preventing the identification of other factors potentially involved in the spread of the infection.  Objectives: To identify traditional and non-traditional risk factors for chronic hepatitis C in the Colombian Caribbean coast.  Materials and methods: This was a case-control study (1:3) matched by health care provider and age (± 10 years) conducted at the primary care level of gastroenterology and hepatology outpatient services. All patients with a positive ELISA underwent a confirmatory viral load test. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the independent predictors of infection.  Results: Blood transfusion (OR=159.2; 95% CI: 35.4-715; p&lt;0.001) and history of hospitalization before 1994 (OR=4.7; 95% CI: 1.3-17.1; p=0.018) were identified as the only two independent predictors of infection.  Conclusion: It is necessary to check the reproducibility of these results and to conduct cost-effectiveness studies before recommending their use in the design of new screening strategies.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hepatitis C]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudios de casos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transfusión sanguínea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[región del Caribe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hepatitis C]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[case studies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[blood transfusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Caribbean region]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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