On the continuity of the map square root of
nonnegative isomorphisms in Hilbert spaces

JEOVANNY DE JESUS MUENTES ACEVEDO^*

Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, São Paulo, Brasil.

Abstract. Let H be a real (or complex) Hilbert space. Every nonnegative operator L ∈ L(H) admits a unique nonnegative square root R ∈ L(H), i.e., a nonnegative operator R ∈ L(H) such that R² = L. let be the set of nonnegative isomorphisms in L(H). First we will show that is a convex (real) Banach manifold. Denoting by L^½ the nonnegative square root of L. In [3], Richard Bouldin proves that L^½ depends continuously on L (this proof is nontrivial). This result has several applications. For example, it is used to find the polar decomposition of a bounded operator. This polar decomposition allows us to determine the positive and negative spectral subespaces of any selfadjoint operator, and moreover, allows us to define the Maslov index. The autor of the paper under review provides an alternative proof (and a little more simplified) that L^½ depends continuously on L, and moreover, he shows that the map

is a homeomorphism.

Keywords: Nonnegative operators, functions of operators, Hilbert spaces, spectral theory.
MSC2010: 47A56, 46G20, 54C60.

Resumen. Sea H un espacio de Hilbert real (o complejo). Todo operador no negativo L ∈ L(H) admite una única raíz cuadrada no negativa R ∈ L(H), esto es, un operador no negativo R ∈ L(H) tal que R² = L. Sea el conjunto de los isomorfismos no negativos en L(H). Primero probaremos que es una variedad de Banach (real). Denotando como L^½ la raíz cuadrada no negativa de L, en [3] Richard Bouldin prueba que L^½ depende continuamente de L (esta prueba es no trivial). Este resultado tiene varias aplicaciones. Por ejemplo, es usado para encontrar la descomposición polar de un operador limitado. Esta descomposición polar nos lleva a determinar los subespacios espectrales positivos y negativos de cualquier operador autoadjunto, y además, lleva a definir el índice de Máslov. El autor de este artículo da una prueba alternativa (y un poco más simplificada) de que L^½ depende continuamente de L, y además, prueba que la aplicación

es un homeomorfismo.

Palabras claves: Operadores no negativos, funciones de operadores, espacios de Hilbert, teoría espectral.

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^*Email:jeovanny@ime.usp.br
Received: 18 September 2014, Accepted: 11 December 2014.
To cite this article: J.J. Muentes Acevedo, On the continuity of the map square root of nonnegative isomorphisms in Hilbert spaces, Rev. Integr. Temas Mat. 33 (2015), no. 1, 11-26.