<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-548X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Biológica Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta biol.Colomb.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-548X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-548X2019000200243</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/abc.v24n2.72706</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES FOR THE EVALUATION OF ALLELOPATHIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HERMATYPIC CORALS AND MARINE BENTHIC CYANOBACTERIA IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Aproximaciones experimentales para la evaluación de interacciones alelopáticas entre corales hermatípicos y cianobacterias marinas bentónicas en el Caribe Colombiano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PUYANA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PRATO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julián Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NIETO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RAMOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Freddy Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASTELLANOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leonardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PINZÓN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZÁRATE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Andrés Isla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puerto Morelos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Investigador científico- CEINER LTDA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>243</fpage>
<lpage>254</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-548X2019000200243&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-548X2019000200243&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-548X2019000200243&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Blooms of marine benthic cyanobacteria are recurrent in several locations at the Colombian Caribbean. In these events, cyanobacteria grow over the substrate and benthic organisms although their effect has not been fully assessed. This study evaluated interactions between cyanobacteria and hermatypic corals, in order to identify any deleterious effects that could be related to allelopathic mechanisms. Organic extracts from cyanobacteria collected in San Andres, Old Providence and Rosario islands were tested against embryos of the reef-building coral Orbicella annularis. The indirect effect of cyanobacterial extracts was also assessed by resuspending the extracts in seawater and monitoring polyp retraction and recovery of the coral Madracis mirabilis (=auretenra). Additionally, the effect of direct contact between cyanobacterial extracts and the coral Porites porites was assessed by incorporating cyanobacterial extracts into Phytagel&#8482; gels and placed in direct contact with the coral. After 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure, chromatographic profiles of associated zooxanthellae was evaluated by HPLC. A deleterious effect on the zooxanthellae was evidenced by an increase in pheophytin, a degradation product from chlorophyll. The competitive abilities of algae and cyanobacteria should be considered as a constraint to reef restoration initiatives. Cyanobacteria have the ability to compete with corals due to their growth rates, defenses against herbivory and potentially allelopathic mechanisms.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Afloramientos de cianobacterias marinas bentónicas son recurrentes en varias localidades del Caribe colombiano. En estos eventos, las cianobacterias crecen sobre el sustrato y organismos bentónicos sin que su efecto se haya evaluado completamente. Este estudio evaluó interacciones entre cianobacterias y corales hermatípicos con el fin de identificar efectos perjudiciales que podrían estar relacionados con mecanismos alelopáticos. Extractos orgánicos de cianobacterias recolectadas en las islas de San Andrés, Providencia y las Islas del Rosario fueron evaluados contra embriones del coral hermatípico Orbicella annularis. También se evaluó el efecto indirecto de extractos de cianobacterias resuspendidos en agua de mar para determinar retracción de pólipos y recuperación del coral Madracis mirabilis (=auretenra). Adicionalmente, se evaluó el efecto del contacto directo de extractos de cianobacterias y el coral Porites porites mediante la incorporación de los extractos en geles de PhytagelTM dispuestos en contacto directo con el coral. Después de 24, 48 y 72 h de exposición, los perfiles cromatográficos de las zooxantelas asociadas al coral fueron evaluados por HPLC. Un efecto negativo sobre las zooxantelas se evidenció por el incremento en feofitina, producto de degradación de la clorofila. Las capacidades competitivas de algas y cianobacterias debieran considerarse como un factor que podría incidir negativamente en iniciativas de restauración arrecifal. Las cianobacterias tienen la capacidad de competir con corales debido a sus tasas de crecimiento, defensas contra herbivoría y potenciales mecanismos alelopáticos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alellopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[corals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cyanobacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[interspecific competition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alelopatía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cianobacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[competencia interespecífica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[corales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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