<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-5552</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Salud Uninorte]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud, Barranquilla]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-5552</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Universidad del Norte, División de Ciencias de la]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-55522020000100298</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14482/sun.36.1.615</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Resistencia antibiótica: el papel del hombre, los animales y el medio ambiente]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotic resistance: the role of man, animals and the environment]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RONIELD ELIAS]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOLIVAR-ANILLO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HERNANDO]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOYOS TURCIOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CARLOS]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARRILLO GARCIA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LAURA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SERRANO HERNANDEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MARIA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ABDELLAH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EZZANAD]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cartagena  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cádiz  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puerto Real Cádiz]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>298</fpage>
<lpage>324</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-55522020000100298&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-55522020000100298&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-55522020000100298&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Los microorganismos, especialmente las bacterias, están distribuidos por todo el mundo, desde el suelo, los mares y los ríos hasta el sistema digestivo de los animales y los seres humanos; por lo tanto, las bacterias mantienen una interacción constante con los compuestos utilizados por los seres humanos y los animales como los antibióticos, y con otros microorganismos que pueden ser de la misma especie o de diferentes géneros taxonómicos; esta interacción podría dar lugar a una presión selectiva sobre las bacterias en el medio ambiente y promover el intercambio de material genético, lo que llevaría a una propagación global de la resistencia a los antibióticos y a una afectación mundial de la salud. En este contexto, esta revisión tiene por objeto ofrecer una visión general del papel de los seres humanos, los animales y el medio ambiente en la resistencia bacteriana, con énfasis en los procesos en el suelo y los medios acuáticos y los efectos sobre la salud humana.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Microorganisms, especially bacteria, are distributed throughout the world, from the soil, seas and rivers to the digestive system of animals and humans. Therefore, the bacteria maintain a constant interaction with compounds used by humans and animals, such as antibiotics, and with other microorganisms that may be of the same species or of different taxonomic genera. In addition, this interaction could lead to selective pressure on bacteria in the environment and promote the exchange of genetic material, which would allow to a global spread of antibiotic resistance and thus a worldwide affectation on health. In this context, the present review aims to provide an overview of the role of humans, animals and the environment in bacterial resistance, with emphasis on soil and aquatic processes and effects on human health.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genes de resistencia antibiótica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bacterial resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance genes]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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