<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-6230</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev.fac.ing.univ. Antioquia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-6230</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-62302019000300042</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.redin.20190518</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of the stirring speed on the struvite formation using the centrate from a WWTP]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de la velocidad de agitación en la formación de estruvita usando el centrado de una PTAR]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo-Valero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miller Alonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Belén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Facultad de Ingeniería Escuela Ambiental]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Leeds School of Civil Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Leeds ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Ingeniería Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Manizales ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institut de ciència i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barcelona Catalunya]]></addr-line>
<country>Espanya</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>92</numero>
<fpage>42</fpage>
<lpage>50</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-62302019000300042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-62302019000300042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-62302019000300042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The formation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) for nutrient recovery in wastewater treatment plants has been widely investigated; however, little attention has been paid to the effect of stirring speeds on the resulting particle size, which could affect its agronomic value as a slow-release fertilizer. In this study, struvite formation from the centrate of sewage digestate was performed under six stirring speeds (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 rpm). The resulting struvite crystals were characterised using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The average particle size of struvite crystals increased from 55 µm at 0 rpm to 127 µm at 100 rpm and 128 &#956;m at 200 rpm. Further increments in stirring speeds resulted in smaller crystal sizes. These results indicated that the largest particle size can be obtained at stirring speeds ranging from 100 to 200 rpm, equivalent to a velocity gradient between 79 and 188 s-1, as there was no statistically significant difference between mean values (t-test, p&lt;0.05). The optimum stirring speed range reported herein can be used to set operational conditions for struvite crystallisation with the benefit of producing large crystals and reducing energy consumption in stirring tanks.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La formación de estruvita (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) para la recuperación de nutrientes en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales ha sido ampliamente investigada; sin embargo, se ha prestado poca atención al efecto de las velocidades de agitación en el tamaño de partícula resultante, lo que podría afectar su valor agronómico como fertilizante de liberación lenta. En este estudio, la formación de estruvita del centrado se realizó a seis velocidades de agitación (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 rpm). Los cristales de estruvita resultantes se caracterizaron mediante difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de barrido con espectroscopia de rayos X con dispersión de energía. El tamaño de partícula promedio de los cristales de estruvita aumentó de 55 µm a 0 rpm a 127 µm a 100 rpm y 128 &#956;m a 200 rpm. Incrementos adicionales en las velocidades de agitación resultaron en tamaños de cristales más pequeños. Estos resultados indicaron que el mayor tamaño de partícula se puede obtener a velocidades de agitación entre 100-200 rpm, equivalente a un gradiente de velocidad entre 79 y 188 s-1, ya que no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los valores medios (prueba t, p &lt; 0.05). El rango óptimo de velocidad de agitación descrito aquí se puede usar para establecer condiciones operativas para la cristalización de estruvita con el beneficio de producir cristales grandes y reducir el consumo de energía en tanques agitados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Waste water]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phosphorus recovery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[struvite crystallization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[velocity gradient (g)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Agua residual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recuperación de fósforo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cristalización de estruvita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gradiente de velocidad (g)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo sostenible]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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