<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8160</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista EAN]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. esc.adm.neg]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8160</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad EAN]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-81602018000100015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21158/01208160.n84.2018.1915</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Emprendimiento y economía informal: caracterización empírica de la empresa española a partir de los datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Entrepreneurship and informal economy. Empirical description of the spanish company based on data provided by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Entrepreneuriat et économie informelle. Caractérisation empirique de l'entreprise espagnole à partir des données du Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Empreendimento e economia informal. Caracterização empírica da empresa espanhola a partir dos dados do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafuente Ibáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poza Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Complutense de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Francisco de Vitoria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>84</numero>
<fpage>15</fpage>
<lpage>41</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-81602018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-81602018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-81602018000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y analizar el perfil de las empresas españolas que ejercen su actividad dentro de la economía informal, utilizando el método directo de la encuesta proveniente de la base de datos Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión del concepto y métodos de estimación de la economía informal, así como una comparativa internacional para contextualizar la situación española. Así mismo, se ha utilizado un modelo de regresión logística para identificar las características que explican los diferentes niveles de economía informal en España. Los resultados muestran que las empresas nacientes, constituidas por necesidad, creadas por emprendedores menores de 42 años y pertenecientes al sector servicios, presentan una mayor probabilidad de operar en la economía informal. La región donde se constituye la empresa y el nivel de renta del emprendedor también influyen en los niveles de economía informal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper aims at describing and analyzing the profile of the Spanish company which performs its activities within an informal economy scheme, applying the survey method from the date base GEM- Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Consequently, a general review of concepts and methods about the estimation of informal economy, as well as an international comparison to contextualize the current Spanish situation. At the same time, a model of logistic regression has been applied to describe the features which clearly explain different levels of informal economy in Spain. Its outcomes show that new- born companies stablished by necessity and formed by entrepreneurs younger than 42 years old which belong to the services sector tend to operate under an informal economy scheme. The region where the company is stablished and the rent level of the entrepreneur also influences on its level of informal economy.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé : Eobjectif de cet article concerne la description et l'analyse duprofil des entreprises espagnoles opérant dans l'économie informelle grâce à l'analyse sous forme d'enquete de la base de données Global Entrepreneurship Monitor -GEM. Nous avons ainsi réalisé un examen du concept et des méthodes d'estimation de l'économie informelle et effectué une comparaison internationale pour contextualiser la situation en Espagne. Un modele de régression logistique a également été utilisé pour identifier les caractéristiques expliquant les différents niveaux de l'économie informelle en Espagne. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que les nouvelles entreprises, créées par nécessité et par des entrepreneurs de moins de 42 ans appartenant au secteur des services, sont davantage susceptibles d'opérer dans l'économie informelle. Le lieu d'établissement de l'entreprise et le niveau de revenu de l'entrepreneur influencent également les niveaux de l'économie informelle.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar o perfil das empresas espanholas que exercem sua atividade dentro da economia informal, utilizando o método direto do questionário proveniente da base de dados Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM. Para isso, se realizou uma revisão do conceito e métodos de estimativa da economia informal, bem como uma comparativa internacional para contextualizar a situação espanhola. Também se utilizou um modelo de regressão logística para identificar as características que explicam os diferentes níveis de economia informal na Espanha. Os resultados mostram que as empresas nascentes, constituídas por necessidade, criadas por empreendedores menores de 42 anos e pertencentes ao setor serviços apresentam uma maior probabilidade de operar na economia informal. A região onde se constitui a empresa e o nível de renda do empreendedor também influenciam os níveis de economia informal.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Economía informal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[perfil del emprendedor informal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[España]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[informal economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[informal entrepreneur profile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[économie informelle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[entrepreneuriat]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[profil d'entrepreneur informel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Espagne]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[economia informal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[empreendimento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Global Entrepreneurship Monitor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[perfil do empreendedor informal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Espanha]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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