<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8705</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[CES Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[CES Med.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8705</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad CES]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-87052018000300259</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21615/cesmedicina.32.3.7</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Espasticidad como signo positivo de daño de motoneurona superior y su importancia en rehabilitación]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spasticity as a positive sign of superior motor neuron damage and its importance in rehabilitation]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sepúlveda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cubillos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doussoulin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arlette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Frontera  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Teletón  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Teletón Santiago  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Frontera  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Temuco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>259</fpage>
<lpage>269</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-87052018000300259&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-87052018000300259&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-87052018000300259&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La espasticidad, como signo clínico de daño de motoneurona superior, cobra gran importancia al momento de definir su impacto en el proceso rehabilitador. Los objetivos de esta revisión bibliográfica son: analizar la evolución de la espasticidad como concepto, describir los hallazgos actuales en relación con su fisiopatología y analizar su importancia en el proceso rehabilitador.  Métodos: Búsqueda bibliográfica durante el segundo semestre del 2017 en bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo, Cochrane y Google Académico, utilizando los términos MeSH: muscle spasticity, physiopathology y stroke. Los límites de búsqueda fueron: textos completos en idioma inglés y español, en humanos y publicados durante los últimos cinco años.  Resultados: La fisiopatología de la espasticidad no es causada por un solo mecanismo, sino más bien una intrincada cadena de alteraciones en diferentes redes nerviosas interdependientes. Existiendo dos mecanismos principales: la alteración del control espinal y suprasegmentario y los cambios en las propiedades del sistema músculo-esquelético.  Conclusión: La evidencia científica es amplia y aborda el concepto de espasticidad, sus implicancias fisiopatológicas y clínicas. Sin embargo, futuras investigaciones deberían orientar y apoyar las decisiones del equipo rehabilitador, en relación con el manejo clínico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Spasticity as a clinical sign of upper motor neuron damage becomes highly important when defining its impact on the rehabilitation process. The aim of this bibliographical review is to examine the evolution of spasticity as a concept, describe the current findings in relation to its pathophysiology and to analyze its importance on the rehabilitation process.  Material and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out during 2018 using Pubmed, Scielo, Cochrane and Google Academic databases, using the terms MeSH: 'muscle spasticity', 'physiopathology' and 'stroke'. The searches were limited to full texts in English and Spanish language, published during the last 5 years and for human patients.  Results: The physiopathology of spasticity is not caused by a single mechanism, but rather an intricate chain of alterations in different interdependent nerve networks. Analyzed articles describe two main mechanisms, alteration of the control spinal and suprasegmental and changes in the properties of the musculoskeletal system.  Conclusion: The scientific evidence is broad and addresses the concept of spasticity, its pathophysiological and clinical implications. However, future research should guide and support the decisions of the rehabilitation team, in relation to their clinical management.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rehabilitación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Espasticidad muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fisiopatología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neurología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad cerebro-vascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rehabilitation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Muscle Spasticity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Physiopathology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neurology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stroke]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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