<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8748</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurológica Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Colomb.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8748</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Colombiana de Neurología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-87482021000200047</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22379/24224022324</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morcillo Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta Fajardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hernán Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ariza Varón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Sabana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>47</fpage>
<lpage>54</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-87482021000200047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-87482021000200047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-87482021000200047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva es una enfermedad desmielinizante secundaria a la infección por el virus de John Cunnigham, con baja incidencia a pesar de su alta seroprevalencia en la población general. Su principal factor de riesgo es la inmunosupresión, incluyendo la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), cánceres hematológicos, enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas y medicamentos inmunosupresores sistémicos. Después de la infección primaria, el virus queda latente y por mutaciones en su genoma adquiere la capacidad neuroinvasiva e infecta a los oligodendrocitos, a los que lleva a su destrucción, con el consecuente proceso desmielinizante, mientras se enfrenta a la inmunidad celular del huésped. El diagnóstico se basa en manifestaciones clínicas secundarias al compromiso encefálico, clásicamente supratentorial, así como la demostración de la presencia de genoma viral o anticuerpos en suero o líquido cefalorraquídeo y hallazgos imagenológicos e histopatológicos de lesiones en la sustancia blanca cerebral. El tratamiento, en general, consiste en la recuperación de la función inmune alterada, con reparos cuando esta se presenta en el contexto de un estado de reconstitución inmune. En este escrito se revisan los aspectos básico-clínicos más relevantes de esta enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY The progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a demyelinating disease secondary to infection to John Cunningham Virus, it has a low incidence despite a high seroprevalence in the general population. The principal risk factor for its development is an immunosuppression, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, hematologic neoplasms, chronic inflammatory diseases and systemic immunosuppressive drugs. After the primary infection, the virus stays in a latent state, acquiring a neuroinvasive capacity following a set of mutations in its genome. After infecting oligodendrocytes it takes them to destruction with the consequent demyelinating process whilst its fight to the host's cellular immune system. The diagnosis is based on a set of clinical findings secondary to encephalic compromise, classically supratentorial, in addition to a demonstration of viral genome or antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid and the presence of diagnostic images and histopathologic findings on the cerebral white matter. Its treatment is based on the enhancement of the disturbed immune function, with the exception of immune reconstitution state where other strategies are applied. In this paper we will review the more relevant basic and clinical aspects of this disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[VIH. (DeCS)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[leukoencephalopathy, progressive multifocal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HIV (MeSH)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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