<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8748</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurológica Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Colomb.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8748</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Colombiana de Neurología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-87482024000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22379/anc.v40i2.1837</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad desmielinizante asociada a anticuerpos MOG y encefalitis de tallo crónica: cuándo sospecharla]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Demyelinating disease associated with MOG-IgG antibodies and chronic brainstem encephalitis: When to suspect it]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cesar Augusto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taborda Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llano Piedrahíta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ascencio Lancheros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Instituto Neurológico de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad CES  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Instituto Neurológico de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-87482024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-87482024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-87482024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La enfermedad asociada a la glicoproteína oligodendrocitaria de mielina (MOGAD) comprende un espectro amplio de manifestaciones clínicas y hallazgos imagenológicos, donde la evidencia reciente indica que la encefalitis de tallo es una posible manifestación de MOGAD.  Presentación de caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 32 años con curso de enfermedad fluctuante y buena respuesta a esteroides, con afectación predominante del tallo cerebral de nueve años de evolución y posterior compromiso del nervio óptico. La paciente no cumplía criterios para esclerosis múltiple o neuromielitis óptica y otros diagnósticos diferenciales fueron excluidos. Finalmente, el diagnóstico de MOGAD fue confirmado mediante la detección de anticuerpos IgG contra la proteína MOG.  Discusión: Las lesiones de tallo cerebral en MOGAD se han descrito en el 30 % de los casos de una cohorte española de pacientes positivos para MOG-IgG. Las lesiones tienden a ser bilaterales, mal definidas y de gran tamaño. A pesar de que los bajos títulos del examen pueden generar dudas sobre el diagnóstico, Banwell et al. recientemente propusieron unos nuevos criterios diagnósticos que incluyen bajos títulos de MOG-IgG y, ante ello, los criterios clínicos de soporte apoyan el diagnóstico.  Conclusiones: Los pacientes con signos de encefalitis de tallo sin clara etiología deben ser evaluados con anticuerpos asociados a la proteína MOG, para confirmar o descartar el diagnóstico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) comprises a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and imaging findings. Recent evidence indicates that brainstem encephalitis is a possible manifestation of MOGAD.  Case presentation: We present the case of a 32-year-old female patient with a 9-year history of a fluctuating disease course and good response to steroids, with almost exclusive brainstem involvement and subsequent optic nerve involvement. The patient did not meet the criteria for multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica, and other differentials were excluded. The diagnosis of MOGAD was confirmed by IgG antibodies against the MOG protein.  Discussion: Brainstem lesions in MOGAD have been described in 30% of a Spanish cohort of MOG-IgG positive patients. The lesions tend to be bilateral, poorly defined, and large. Although low titers on the assay may raise doubts about the diagnosis, Banwell et al recently proposed new diagnostic criteria that include low MOG-IgG titers. In the face of low titers, the supporting clinical criteria support the diagnosis.  Conclusions: Patients with signs of brainstem encephalitis without a clear etiology should be evaluated for MOG-associated antibodies to confirm or rule out the diagnosis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[encefalitis de tallo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neuritis óptica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neuroinmunología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anticuerpos MOG]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vaina de mielina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esteroides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anticuerpos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brainstem encephalitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optic neuritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuroimmunology MOG antibodies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Myelin Sheath]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Steroids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibodies]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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