<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8748</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurológica Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Colomb.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8748</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Colombiana de Neurología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-87482025000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22379/anc.v41i1.1927</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia, características demográficas de la enfermedad de Parkinson y comorbilidades asociadas: un análisis del registro oficial del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence, demographic characteristics of Parkinson disease and associated comorbidities: An analysis of the Colombian Ministry of Health official registry]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rincon-Montana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángela G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pantoja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamayo-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Sofía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Javeriana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-87482025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-87482025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-87482025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es un trastorno neurodegenerativo con impacto social y económico. Este estudio estimó su prevalencia y comorbilidades en Colombia a partir de datos del sistema de información del Ministerio de Salud, lo que permite una mejor comprensión de su distribución y carga en la población.  Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron datos del Registro Individual de Prestación de Servicios de Salud (RIPS), en el periodo 2018-2022, de personas mayores de 50 años, según sexo, edad y ubicación geográfica. Se evaluaron comorbilidades como apnea del sueño, incontinencia urinaria, demencia y depresión, calculando razones de prevalencia (RP) para cada condición.  Resultados: La prevalencia cruda fue de 5,42 por cada mil habitantes &#8805;50 años (hombres 6,65; mujeres 4,42) y de 9,87 por cada mil en &#8805;65 años (hombres 12,01; mujeres 8,15). Atlántico, Santander y Valle del Cauca presentaron las prevalencias más altas y las RP fueron: depresión: 3,7, incontinencia urinaria: 2,9, apnea del sueño: 2,4 y demencia: 14,3, indicando una carga significativa de comorbilidades.  Discusión: La prevalencia de EP en Colombia es similar a estudios internacionales, con mayor frecuencia en hombres y en edades avanzadas. La fuerte asociación con comorbilidades resalta la necesidad de un abordaje integral; mientras que las limitaciones incluyen posibles sesgos de subregistro y variabilidad en los criterios diagnósticos, pero el uso de datos nacionales ofrece una visión representativa.  Conclusiones: La EP en Colombia presenta una alta prevalencia y múltiples comorbilidades, lo que enfatiza la necesidad de estrategias multidisciplinarias para mejorar el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la calidad de vida de los pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with social and economic impact. This study estimated its prevalence and comorbidities in Colombia using data from the Ministry of Health's information system, providing insight into its distribution and burden on the population.  Materials and methods: Data from the RIPS (2018-2022) was analyzed for individuals aged &gt;50 years, categorized by sex, age, and geographic location. Comorbidities such as sleep apnea, urinary incontinence, dementia, and depression were assessed, calculating prevalence ratios (PR) for each condition.  Results: The crude prevalence was 5.42 per 1,000 inhabitants aged &#8805;50 years (men: 6.65; women: 4.42) and 9.87 per 1,000 aged &#8805;65 years (men: 12.01; women: 8.15). The highest prevalences were in Atlántico, Santander, and Valle del Cauca. PRs were 3.7 for depression, 2.9 for urinary incontinence, 2.4 for sleep apnea, and 14.3 for dementia, highlighting a significant comorbidity burden.  Discussion: PD prevalence in Colombia aligns with international studies, being more frequent in men and older adults. The strong association with comorbidities underscores the need for a comprehensive approach. Limitations include potential underreporting and diagnostic variability, but the use of national data provides a representative perspective.  Conclusions: PD in Colombia shows high prevalence and multiple comorbidities, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary strategies to improve diagnosis, treatment, and patient quality of life.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad de Parkinson]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comorbilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[demencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[incontinencia urinaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[síndromes de la apnea del sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Parkinson disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comorbidity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dementia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary incontinence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obstructive Sleep Apnea]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bloem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>397</volume>
<numero>10291</numero>
<issue>10291</issue>
<page-range>2284-303</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sveinbjornsdottir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurochem]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<numero>S1</numero>
<issue>S1</issue>
<page-range>318-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prakash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nadkarni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WK.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of non-motor symptoms on the quality of life of Parkinson's disease patients: a longitudinal study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Neurol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>854-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sherer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bloem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The emerging evidence of the Parkinson pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Park Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>s1</numero>
<issue>s1</issue>
<page-range>S3-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frolkis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steeves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pringsheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The incidence of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroepidemiology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>292-300</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez-Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernandez-Bonilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plascencia-Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riojas-Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental and occupational exposure to metals (manganese, mercury, iron) and Parkinson's disease in low and middle-income countries: a narrative review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Environ Health]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bower]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of Parkinson's disease across North America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Npj Park Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[QQ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in prevalence cases and disability-adjusted life-years of Parkinson's disease: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroepidemiology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>261-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armstrong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time for a new image of Parkinson disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Neurol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1345-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright Willis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evanoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Criswell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Racette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroepidemiology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>143-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moisan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canonico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le Guern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Parkinson disease male-to-female ratios increase with age: French nationwide study and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>952-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Na]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease and drug-induced parkinsonism in Korea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1328</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacobs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D'Esposito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estrogen shapes dopamine-dependent cognitive processes: implications for women's health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>5286-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishihara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brayne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A systematic review of depression and mental illness preceding Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Scand]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>211-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depression and Parkinson's disease: current knowledge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>409</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aarsland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pählhagen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehrt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Svenningsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depression in Parkinson disease-epidemiology, mechanisms and management.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea and risk of Parkinson's disease: a population-based cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sleep Res]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>432-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lajoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafontaine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaminska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea in neurodegenerative disorders: current evidence in support of benefit from sleep apnea treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>297</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaminska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafontaine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The interaction between obstructive sleep spnea and Parkinson's disease: possible mechanisms and implications for cognitive function]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Park Dis]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2015</volume>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bliwise]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[No increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea in Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mov Disord]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>2246-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea and striatal dopamine availability in Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mov Disord]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1068-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguillon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetics of dementia: insights from Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dement Neuropsychol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>223-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pradilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vesga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO) colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Panam Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>104-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pantoja-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SISPRO: La base de datos administrativa del sistema de salud colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Colomb]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>187-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarco-Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda-Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otálora Esteban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estado actual de la esclerosis múltiple en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Colomb]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>385-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Ayala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nariño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Burden of epilepsy in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroepidemiology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>144-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global trends in the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability of Parkinson's disease in 204 countries/territories from 1990 to 2019]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Public Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>776847</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isidro-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doering]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llibre-Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease in Latin America: a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mov Disord]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>105-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ben-Shlomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darweesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llibre-Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[San Luciano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>403</volume>
<numero>10423</numero>
<issue>10423</issue>
<page-range>283-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benito-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiología de la enfermedad de Parkinson en España y su contextualización mundial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>125-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurol Sci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1153-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafontaine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benedetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reduced cognitive function in patients with Parkinson disease and obstructive sleep apnea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1120-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bottia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios-Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalencia de apnea de sueño en Colombia: un análisis de las bases de datos del Ministerio de Salud]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iatreia]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>26-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adherence to positive airway pressure therapy in a cohort of Colombian patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sleep Sci]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>02</numero>
<issue>02</issue>
<page-range>227-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Desideri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonisms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Funct Neurol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>137-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belarbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hecham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lesage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kediha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benhassine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[LRRK2 G2019S mutation in Parkinson's disease: a neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric study in a large Algerian cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Parkinsonism Relat Disord]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>676-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence and retention in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Aging Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>977572</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gundeti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Urinary tract dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Urol Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>415-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
