<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-8942</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Díkaion]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Díkaion]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-8942</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la Sabana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-89422019000200247</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5294/dika.2019.28.2.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Expansion of Corporative Free Speech and the On-Going Constitutional Crisis in the United States]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Expansión de la libertad de expresión corporativa y la actual crisis constitucional de Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Expansão da liberdade de expressão corporativa e a atual crise constitucional nos Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Paz González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isaac]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>247</fpage>
<lpage>283</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-89422019000200247&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-89422019000200247&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-89422019000200247&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper focuses on the constitutional-political turbulence that Donald J. Trump has been creating since he was elected president of the United States. On the one hand, we point out the mainstream of litigious and political issues as signals of an on-going constitutional crisis in the United States and its consequences, both in the national and international scenarios. On the other, we explain the indicators of the constitutional crisis within two levels of analysis. The first one considers Trump&#8217;s multiple attacks against American constitutional liberties, while the second one studies the cases of Trump&#8217;s policies against customary international law. The paper unveils empirical evidence of all the above-mentioned issues in order to explain the increasing constitutional litigation in District Courts and the Supreme Court of the United States. Therefore, the article puts the finger on the role of the judiciary as a key factor in blocking Trump&#8217;s policies and his pervasive attacks on the American rule of law.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo se centra en la turbulencia política-constitucional que Donald J. Trump ha venido generando desde que fue elegido presidente de Estados Unidos. Por un lado, nos referimos a los principales litigios y problemas políticos como señales de la actual crisis constitucional en Estados Unidos y sus consecuencias a nivel nacional e internacional. Por otro lado, explicamos los indicadores de la crisis constitucional en dos niveles de análisis. El primero considera los ataques de Trump contra las libertades constitucionales de los estadounidenses, mientras que el segundo estudia el debilitamiento del derecho internacional consuetudinario provocado por las políticas de Trump. El artículo revela evidencia empírica de todos los asuntos mencionados anteriormente para explicar el incremento de litigios ante los tribunales de distrito y la propia Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos. Por consiguiente, este trabajo señala que el rol del poder judicial será un factor clave para detener los ataques de Trump en contra del Estado de Derecho en Estados Unidos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo concentra-se na turbulência político-constitucional que Donald J. Trump vem gerando desde que foi eleito presidente dos Estados Unidos. Por um lado, nos referimos aos principais litígios e problemas políticos como sinais da atual crise constitucional nos Estados Unidos e suas consequências no nível nacional e internacional. Por outro lado, explicamos os indicadores da crise constitucional em dois níveis de análise. O primeiro considera os ataques de Trump às liberdades constitucionais dos americanos, enquanto o segundo estuda o enfraquecimento do direito internacional consuetudinário causado pelas políticas de Trump. O artigo revela evidências empíricas de todas as questões acima mencionadas para explicar o aumento de litígios perante os tribunais distritais e a própria Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos. Portanto, este trabalho indica que o papel do judiciário será um fator-chave para deter os ataques de Trump contra o estado de direito nos Estados Unidos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Trump]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constitutional crisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[democratic values]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[litigation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[role of courts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trump]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crisis constitucional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[valores democráticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[litigios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[papel de los tribunales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Trump]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[crise constitucional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[valores democráticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[litígios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[papel dos tribunais]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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<given-names><![CDATA[Erica]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paletta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Damian]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Trump again threatens to shut down government&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Washington Post]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B109">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>White House</collab>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Statement by President Trump on the Paris Climate Accord&#8221;]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B110">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jim]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Israel: Background and U.S. relations in brief&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>7-8</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
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