<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0120-9965</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Colombiana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. colomb.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0120-9965</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Agronomía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0120-99652017000300374</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/agron.colomb.v35n3.65221</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluation of four degree-day estimation methods in eight Colombian coffee-growing areas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de cuatro métodos para estimar grados-día en ocho zonas cafeteras colombianas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unigarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leidy Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén Darío]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Álvaro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Coffee Research Center-Cenicafé  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Manizalez ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellin ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Coffee Research Center-Cenicafé  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Manizalez ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>374</fpage>
<lpage>381</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-99652017000300374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0120-99652017000300374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0120-99652017000300374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Methods to estimate the accumulation of degree-days based on maximum and minimum temperaturesare are commonly used to determine relationships or to adjust phenological models based on the "physiological time". Degree-days are obtained indirectly by these methods, this information is not generally available on hourly or shorter time scales due to the type of equipment used to record data or a data loss in historical time series. To compare the performance of such methods, degree-days were estimated with four indirect methods in eight Colombian locations during 1 year. Each indirect method was evaluated in comparison to the numerical integration method by the trapezoidal rule (reference method) using temperatures recorded every 5 min. Based on the percent bias error, the methods proposed by Arnold, Ometto and Snyder tend to overestimate thermal time, whereas the Villa-Nova method underestimates this time, but with a lower performance as regards to the previous ones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Los métodos que estiman la acumulación de los grados-día basados en datos de temperatura máxima y mínima diaria son comúnmente usados para determinar relaciones o hacer ajustes en modelos fenológicos basados en "tiempo fisiológico". La obtención de los grados-día con estos métodos se hace de manera indirecta, dado a que en general no se dispone de información de temperaturas a escala horaria e incuso menor, debido al tipo de equipo utilizado para tomar registros o por la pérdida de datos en series históricas. Con el objetivo de determinar el desempeño de estos métodos, se estimaron los grados-día con cuatro métodos indirectos en ocho localidades colombianas durante 1 año. Cada uno de los métodos se evaluó con respecto al método de integración numérica por regla del trapecio (método de referencia) usando las temperaturas registradas cada 5 min. El desempeño de los métodos se evaluó a partir de un modelo de regresión lineal y sus respectivos errores. Los métodos de Arnold, Ometto y Snyder, según el porcentaje de sesgo, tienden a sobrestimar el tiempo térmico, mientras el método de Villa-Nova lo subestima, pero con un menor desempeño respecto a los anteriores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thermal time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[temperature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[numerical integration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[linear regression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tiempo térmico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[temperatura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[integración numérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regresión lineal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sesgo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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