<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-0319</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicas UIS]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medicas UIS]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-0319</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-03192018000100031</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/revmed.v31n1-2018004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Eficacia profiláctica de ondansetrón y dexametasona en náusea y vómito posterior a cesárea con opioides neuroaxiales como coadyuvantes. Ensayo clínico controlado]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prophylactic efficacy of ondansetron and dexamethasone in nausea and vomit in patients undergoing cesarean section with neuraxial opioids. Controlled clinical trial]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra-Güiza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hector Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Enrrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>31</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-03192018000100031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-03192018000100031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-03192018000100031&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La anestesia subaracnoidea es la técnica más empleada para realización de cesáreas usando opioides neuroaxiales, cuyos principales eventos adversos son náusea y vómito.  Objetivo: Establecer la eficacia de ondansetrón y dexametasona en la profilaxis de náuseas y vómitos en pacientes sometidos a cesárea.  Materiales y métodos: Una muestra de 300 embarazadas llevadas a cesárea no emergente bajo anestesia subaracnoidea fueron asignadas aleatoriamente en tres grupos: DEX (dexametasona 4 mg), OND (ondansetrón 4 mg), PLB (placebo 5 mL de solución salina normal). La técnica anestésica se estandarizó con 9 mg de bupivacaína al 0.5%, 100 mcg de morfina y 25 mcg de fentanilo Intratecal. Se evaluó el resultado de interés durante el intraoperatorio, a las 2, 6 y 24 horas post-anestesia, con un nivel de significancia &#945; de 0,05.  Resultados: El RR en el grupo DEX para vómito fue 0,46 (IC95%: 0,28-0,76), y para náusea fue 0,79 (IC95%: 0,64-0,96). En el grupo OND el RR para vómito fue 0,41 (IC95%: 0,24-0,69) y para náusea 0,75 (IC95%: 0,67-0,84). La severidad de la náusea fue menor y significativa en el grupo OND durante todo el tiempo evaluado (p&lt;0.001).  Conclusiones: La dexametasona 4 mg y el ondansetrón 4 mg mostraron eficacia para disminuir el riesgo de náusea y vómito postoperatorio en pacientes sometidas a cesárea bajo anestesia subaracnoidea cuando se usan opioides neuroaxiales. Trial registration: (ISRCTN 57227250). MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(1):31-8.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Subarachnoid anesthesia is the most common technique for cesarean section and coadjuvant opioids such as morphine and fentanyl have adverse events, predominantly nausea and vomit. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed to evaluate the prophylactic effect of ondansetron and dexamethasone on these events.  Objective: To establish the efficacy of ondansetron and dexamethasone in nausea and vomit prophylaxis in patients undergoing cesarean section.  Method: A sample of 300 pregnant women was randomized in 3 groups: dexamethasone 4 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, and placebo. Standardized dose of 9 mg of bupivacaine at 0,5% 100 mcg of morphine and 25 mcg of intratechal fentanyl were administered to all patients. Both dexamethasone and ondansetron were compared against placebo. Emergency cesarean section, ASA III and allergic patients to any study drugs were excluded. Nausea and vomiting were evaluated intraoperative, 2, 6 and 24 hours after anesthesia, with a significance level &#945; of 0,05.  Results: On dexamethasone group the RR for vomit was 0,46 (CI 95% 0,28 to 0,76) and 0,79 (CI 95% 0, 64-0,96) for nausea. On the ondansetron group, it was 0.41 (CI 95% 0,24- 0,69) for vomit and 0,75 (CI 95% 0,67 a 0,84) for nausea. The severity of nausea was statistically lower on the ondansetron group through the entire follow-up. There was no nausea after 6 hours in the dexamethasone group.  Conclusions: Both dexamethasone and ondansetron showed efficacy as a prophylactic treatment against the onset of nausea and vomit in patients undergoing cesarean section with subarachnoid anesthesia and neuroaxial opioids. Trial registration: (ISRCTN 57227250). MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(1):31-8.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anestesia raquídea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cesárea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Náusea y Vómito Posoperatorio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Morfina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anesthesia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cesarean Section]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Morphine]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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