<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-0793</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Iatreia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Iatreia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-0793</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-07932024000100047</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.iatreia.207</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sistema endocannabinoide y el rol del cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de la espasticidad: una revisión narrativa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Endocannabinoid System and the Role of Medical Cannabis in Treating Spasticity: A Narrative Review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica Zerenia Programa de Cannabis Medicinal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>47</fpage>
<lpage>62</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-07932024000100047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-07932024000100047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-07932024000100047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Hasta la fecha se han identificado más de 500 fitocannabinnoides derivados de la planta de Cannabis sativa, entre los cuales los más importantes son el &#8710;9-tetra-hidrocannabinol (THC) y el cannabidiol (CBD). Ambas moléculas interactúan con el sistema endocannabinoide y generan un efecto terapéutico en diferentes desórdenes neurológicos, dentro de los cuales se incluye la espasticidad. El mecanismo de acción postulado considera que el THC modula la hiperexcitabilidad de la neurona motora inferior, lo que provoca una disminución en el tono muscular, mientras que el CBD genera un efecto antiinflamatorio que contribuye a reducir el dolor. El uso terapéutico de estas moléculas en sujetos con espasticidad refractaria causada por diferentes etiologías ha permitido la mejoría de síntomas como los calambres, el dolor y el insomnio, lo que a su vez ha llevado a disminuir la dosis de fármacos antiespásticos y analgésicos. Esta revisión narrativa pretende ilustrar brevemente a la comunidad hispanohablante la fisiología del sistema endocannabinoide, la farmacología de los cannabinoides y su forma de uso, y sintetiza la información más relevante de los estudios que sugieren que estas moléculas son una potencial terapia en espasticidad refractaria.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract To date, over 500 phytocannabinoids have been identified from the Cannabis sativa plant, among which &#8710;9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most significant. Both molecules interact with the endocannabinoid system and produce therapeutic effects in various neurological disorders, including spasticity. The proposed mechanism of action suggests that THC modulates the hyperexcitability of the lower motor neuron, leading to a reduction in muscle tone, while CBD exerts an anti-inflammatory effect, aiding in pain reduction. The therapeutic application of these molecules in individuals with refractory spasticity of diverse etiologies has been shown to alleviate symptoms such as cramps, pain, and insomnia, which, in turn, has resulted in reduced doses of antispastic and analgesic drugs. This narrative review aims to briefly enlighten the Spanish-speaking community about the physiology of the endocannabinoid system, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, their administration methods, and synthesizes the most pertinent findings from studies suggesting these molecules as potential therapies for refractory spasticity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cannabidiol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cannabis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dronabinol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Endocannabinoides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Espasticidad Muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cannabidiol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dronabinol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Endocannabinoids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cannabis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Muscle Spasticity]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rolland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeMesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabidiol and other cannabinoids in demyelinating diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Mol Sci]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cristino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bisogno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Marzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids and the expanded endocannabinoid system in neurological disorders]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lance]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What is spasticity?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>335</volume>
<numero>8689</numero>
<issue>8689</issue>
<page-range>606</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sáinz-Pelayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benito-Penalva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Espasticidad en la patología neurológica. Actualización sobre mecanismos fisiopatológicos, avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>453-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KPS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The management of spasticity in adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>349</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vural]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yalcinkaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunduz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bozan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of quality of life in relation to spasticity severity and socio-demographic and clinical factors among patients with spinal cord injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Spinal Cord Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>193-200</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riggins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kankipati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oyster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boninger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between quality of life and change in mobility 1 year postinjury in individuals with spinal cord injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Phys Med Rehabil]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1027-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors associated with quality of life among people with spinal cord injury: application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Phys Med Rehabil]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2264-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Svensson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Costs and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients with spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Neurol Scand]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bárdos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broughton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The high cost of spasticity in multiple sclerosis to individuals and society]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mult Scler J]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1583-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samitier-Pastor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Climent-Barbera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cutillas-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formigo-Couceiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Doce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guía clínica para el tratamiento de la espasticidad: consenso y algoritmos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rehabilitación]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>204-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yadav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weinstock-Guttman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Summary of evidence-based guideline: Complementary and alternative medicine in multiple sclerosis: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1083- 92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cannabis-based medicinal products]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Spasticity in children and young people with nonprogressive brain disorders]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>The Royal College of Physicians</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Spasticity in adults: management using botulinum toxin]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hallett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Comella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gronseth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Practice guideline update summary: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity, and headache]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>19</numero>
<issue>19</issue>
<page-range>1818-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cáceres-Jerez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa-Acuña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bomba intratecal de baclofeno, ¿una intervención terapéutica útil y segura en pacientes con espasticidad? Presentación de casos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iatreia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>478-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kheder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KPS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spasticity: pathophysiology, evaluation and management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pract Neurol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>289-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mátyás]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urbán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification of the sites of 2-arachidonoylglycerol synthesis and action imply retrograde endocannabinoid signaling at both GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses in the ventral tegmental area]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuropharmacology]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>95-107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bisogno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Marzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids: role in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CNS Neurol Disord - Drug Targets]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>564-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#346;miarowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bia&#322;ecka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machoy-Mokrzy&#324;ska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis and cannabinoids: pharmacology and therapeutic potential]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurol Neurochir Pol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>4-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prenderville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ÁM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Downer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of cannabinoids in adult neurogenesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>172</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<page-range>3950-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bober]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Targeting the CB2 receptor for immune modulation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expert Opin Ther Targets]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>653-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casadiego-Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lastra-Bello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis sintético: aspectos toxicológicos, usos clínicos y droga de diseño]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Fac Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>501-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mücke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radbruch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petzke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Häuser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis-based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brafford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glode]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dronabinol for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting unresponsive to antiemetics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer Manag Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>49-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cinciripini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karam-Hage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aubin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niaura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pooled analysis of three randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trials with rimonabant for smoking cessation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Addict Biol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>291-303</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plancarte-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mansilla-Olivares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De los Reyes-Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meneses-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic applications based on cannabinoids action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gac México]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>155</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of human studies assessing cannabidiol&#8217;s (CBD) therapeutic actions and potential]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>923-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wippermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahrens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Role of cannabinoids in the treatment of pain and (painful) spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Drugs]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>2409-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ingram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis and multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pract Neurol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>310-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarhadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zafar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quadri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Current application of cannabidiol (CBD) in the management and treatment of neurological disorders]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurol Sci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>3085-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gottardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pigliasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cafaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amadori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[UHPLC-MS/MS Analysis of cannabidiol and its metabolites in serum of patients with resistant epilepsy treated with CBD formulations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmaceuticals]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical evidence of magistral preparations based on medicinal cannabis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmaceuticals]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoshida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hashimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maejima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araishi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The cannabinoid CB1 receptor mediates retrograde signals for depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition in cerebellar Purkinje cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1690-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pryce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Croxford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pertwee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makriyannis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endocannabinoids control spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[FASEB J]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>300-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pryce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Croxford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pertwee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids control spasticity and tremor in a multiple sclerosis model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>404</volume>
<numero>6773</numero>
<issue>6773</issue>
<page-range>84-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whalley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pryce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Constanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medicinal cannabis: is &#916;9-tetrahydrocannabinol necessary for all its effects?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pharm Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1687-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pryce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giovannoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The biology that underpins the therapeutic potential of cannabis-based medicines for the control of spasticity in multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mult Scler Relat Disord]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>64-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hohmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suplita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endocannabinoid mechanisms of pain modulation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AAPS J]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>E693-708</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tegeder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Constantin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brenner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids mediate analgesia largely via peripheral type 1 cannabinoid receptors in nociceptors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>870- 9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wotherspoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McIntyre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bevan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Peripheral nerve injury induces cannabinoid receptor 2 protein expression in rat sensory neurons]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroscience]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>235-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hohmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suplita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fegley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mangieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An endocannabinoid mechanism for stress-induced analgesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>435</volume>
<numero>7045</numero>
<issue>7045</issue>
<page-range>1108-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis-based magistral formulation is highly effective as an adjuvant treatment in drugresistant focal epilepsy in adult patients: an open-label prospective cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurol Sci]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Squintani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deotto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teatini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cortical and spinal excitability in patients with multiple sclerosis and spasticity after oromucosal cannabinoid spray]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>370</volume>
<page-range>263-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacCallum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Practical considerations in medical cannabis administration and dosing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>12-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devinsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thiele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sullivan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabidiol in patients with treatmentresistant epilepsy: an open-label interventional trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Neurol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>270-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leussink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Husseini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warnke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broussalis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kieseier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Symptomatic therapy in multiple sclerosis: the role of cannabinoids in treating spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ther Adv Neurol Disord]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>255-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bugden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis use in pregnancy and breastfeeding: The pharmacist&#8217;s role]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can Pharm J]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>95-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rice]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids for treatment of MS symptoms: State of the evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winterstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Potential adverse drug events and drug-drug interactions with medical and consumer cannabidiol (CBD) use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keating]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol/Cannabidiol oromucosal spray (Sativex®): A review in multiple sclerosis-related spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Drugs]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>563-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zajicek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vickery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>362</volume>
<numero>9395</numero>
<issue>9395</issue>
<page-range>1517-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zajicek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vickery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ingram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reilly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS) study: Safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1664-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[House]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bateman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mult Scler J]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>434-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mutiboko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratcliffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Neurol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>290-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waberzinek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alsindi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Powell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled, parallel-group study of Sativex, in subjects with symptoms of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurol Res]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>451-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<label>58</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zajicek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hobart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multiple Sclerosis and Extract of Cannabis: results of the MUSEC trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1125-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<label>59</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novotna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratcliffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novakova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vachova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapletalova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols* (Sativex®), as add-on therapy, in subjects with refractory spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Neurol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1122-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<label>60</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markovà]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Essner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marinelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trompke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lentschat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sativex® as Add-on therapy Vs further optimized first-line ANTispastics (SAVANT) in resistant multiple sclerosis spasticity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>119-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<label>61</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meuth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Essner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trompke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vila-Silván]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol oromucosal spray in resistant multiple sclerosis spasticity: consistency of response across subgroups from the SAVANT randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1199-205</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<label>62</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flachenecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zettl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[UK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nabiximols (THC/CBD oromucosal spray, Sativex®) in clinical practice results of a multicenter, non-interventional study (MOVE 2) in patients with multiple sclerosis spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Neurol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<page-range>271-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<label>63</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flachenecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zettl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[UK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long-term effectiveness and safety of nabiximols (Tetrahydrocannabinol/Cannabidiol oromucosal spray) in clinical practice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Neurol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>95-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<label>64</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Messina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergamaschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonavita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of cannabinoid oromucosal spray for multiple sclerosis spasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>944-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<label>65</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slof]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cost-effectiveness of Sativex in multiple sclerosis spasticity: New data and application to Italy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>379-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<label>66</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broughton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A cost-effectiveness model for the use of a cannabis-derived oromucosal spray for the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expert Rev Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Res]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>771-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<label>67</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mantovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cozzolino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cost-effectiveness analysis of cannabinoid oromucosal spray use for the management of spasticity in subjects with multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Drug Investig]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>319-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<label>68</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herzog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shanahan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grimison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lintzeris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review of the costs and benefits of prescribed cannabis-based medicines for the management of chronic illness: Lessons from multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmacoeconomics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>67-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<label>69</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erku]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shrestha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scuffham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cost-effectiveness of medicinal cannabis for management of refractory symptoms associated with chronic conditions: A systematic review of economic evaluations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Value Heal]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1520-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<label>70</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filippini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borrelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cinquini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dwan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis and cannabinoids for symptomatic treatment for people with multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1-104</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<label>71</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorarù]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lunetta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falzone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety and efficacy of nabiximols on spasticity symptoms in patients with motor neuron disease (CANALS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Neurol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>155-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<label>72</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pooyania]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ethans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szturm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A randomized, double-blinded, crossover pilot study assessing the effect of nabilone on spasticity in persons with spinal cord injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Phys Med Rehabil]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>703-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<label>73</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andresen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biering-Sørensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hagen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nielsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finnerup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabis use in persons with traumatic spinal cord injury in Denmark]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Rehabil Med]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>152-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<label>74</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stillman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ransom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gustafson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utilization of medicinal cannabis for pain by individuals with spinal cord injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Spinal Cord Ser Cases]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<label>75</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nightingale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AHX]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Querée]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The therapeutic potential and usage patterns of cannabinoids in people with spinal cord injuries: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Neuropharmacol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>402-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<label>76</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bombardier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A scoping review on the effect of cannabis on pain intensity in people with spinal cord injury]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Spinal Cord Med]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<label>77</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the application of cannabis in paediatrics and epileptology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuro Endocrinol Lett]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>40-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<label>78</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medical cannabinoids in children and adolescents: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<label>79</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fairhurst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Checketts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of nabiximols cannabinoid medicine for paediatric spasticity in cerebral palsy or traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dev Med Child Neurol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1031-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<label>80</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marinelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leandri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Currà]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabinoid effect and safety in spasticity following stroke: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Neurol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
