<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-0807</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-0807</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-08072025000100018</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/saluduis.57.e:25v57a19</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Virus respiratorios en pacientes con síntomas de SARS-CoV-2 durante el periodo pandémico en Santander, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Respiratory viruses in patients with SARS-CoV-2 symptoms during the pandemic period in Santander, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha Lucía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano-Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anyela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bueno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nathalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machuca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M ayra Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaparro-Pico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William F]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niederbacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jürg]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) causadas por virus respiratorios constituyen una fuente importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. Nos propusimos determinar la prevalencia de virus respiratorios en pacientes con sospecha de infección por SARS-CoV-2 y explorar la asociación entre coinfección de SARS-CoV-2 con otros virus respiratorios con la gravedad de la enfermedad respiratoria aguda.  Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, se analizaron hisopados de pacientes con síntomas sugestivos de COVID-19 en Santander, Colombia. Se seleccionaron muestras positivas y negativas para SARS-CoV-2 mediante un muestreo probabilístico proporcional. La detección de 15 virus se realizó mediante RT-qPCR en hisopados almacenados a -80°C. Se tomaron datos clínicos y epidemiológicos de las fichas epidemiológicas remitidas junto con la muestra respiratoria, para establecer la condición de gravedad (hospitalización o muerte por IRA).  Resultados: Se incluyeron 600 hisopados colectados entre abril del 2020 y noviembre del 2021. La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue 55,0 años [RIC: 34,0] y el 58,5% fueron hombres. La prevalencia de rinovirus y adenovirus C fue de 4,7% y 0,3%, respectivamente. La prevalencia de coinfección de SARS-CoV-2 con rinovirus y adenovirus C fue de 3,3% (IC95%: 1,7-5,5) y 0,3% (IC95%: 0,01,4), respectivamente. Al momento de la toma de muestras, el 30,2 % correspondía a pacientes ambulatorios, el 59,8 % a pacientes hospitalizados y el 10,0 % a casos fatales. Se observó una diferencia en el reporte de comorbilidades entre los casos y controles (61,0 % vs. 46,5 %; p = 0,012). No se encontró asociación entre coinfección y la gravedad de la enfermedad (OR: 1,01; IC95%: 0,33 - 3,10), ajustando por edad, sexo, seguridad social y comorbilidades.  Conclusiones: Durante el periodo epidémico la circulación de otros virus respiratorios fue baja. No observamos una asociación entre coinfección y gravedad de la enfermedad en las muestras evaluadas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by respiratory viruses are a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory viruses in patients with suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to explore the association between SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with other respiratory viruses and the severity of acute respiratory illness.  Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study and analysed nasopharyngeal swabs from patients with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 in Santander, Colombia. We selected positive and negative samples for SARS-CoV-2 through probabilistic sampling. We used RT-qPCR to detect 15 respiratory viruses in swabs stored at -80°C. Clinical and epidemiological data were extracted for from notification form submitted with the respiratory sample to assess the disease severity (hospitalization or death due to ARI).  Results: We included 600 nasopharyngeal swabs collected between April 2020 and November 2021. The median age of the patients was 55.0 years [IQR: 34.0], with 58.5% being male. The prevalence of rhinovirus and adenovirus C was 4.8% and 0.3%, respectively. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with rhinovirus and adenovirus C was 3.3% (95% CI: 1.7-5.5) and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0-1.4), respectively. At the time of sample collection, 30.2% corresponded to outpatients, 59.8% to hospitalized patients, and 10.0% to fatal cases. A difference in the report of comorbidities was observed between cases and controls (61.0% vs. 46.5%; p = 0.012). No association was found between coinfection and disease severity (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.33 - 3.10), adjusting for age, sex, social security, and comorbidities.  Conclusions: During the epidemic period, there was low circulation of other respiratory viruses. We did not observe an association between coinfection and severity in the evaluated samples.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Adenovirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rinovirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Coinfección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gravedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Santander]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adenovirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rhinovirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coinfection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Severity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Santander]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<given-names><![CDATA[ÁM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaparro-Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albornóz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinzón-Rondón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ÁM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo-Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molano-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 and its association with clinical outcomes: a I-year longitudinal study of the pandemic in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<page-range>91-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Panamericana de la Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Orientación ética sobre cuestiones planteadas por la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
